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Preventing Adverse Cardiovascular Outcomes in Pregnancy Complicated by Obesity
Aarti Purohit1, Chigolum Pamela Oyeka1, Sadiya S Khan2
1Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Current Obstetrics and Gynecology Reports
|October 16, 2023
Summary
Maternal obesity increases risks for adverse pregnancy outcomes and future cardiovascular disease (CVD) for both parent and child. Early screening and multidisciplinary care are crucial for prevention and managing these risks.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Obstetrics
- Public Health
Background:
- Obesity is a growing global health concern, particularly among reproductive-aged individuals.
- Maternal obesity poses significant short- and long-term health risks to both the pregnant person and their offspring.
- These risks include increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current understanding of the link between maternal obesity and adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs).
- To explore the association between APOs and future cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk.
- To identify evidence-based interventions for preventing adverse outcomes in pregnant individuals with obesity.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of current research on maternal obesity and pregnancy outcomes.
- Analysis of associations between APOs and long-term CVD risk.
- Evaluation of existing and proposed prevention strategies.
Main Results:
- Maternal obesity elevates the risk of APOs like gestational diabetes, hypertensive disorders, and preterm birth.
- Offspring face increased risks of mortality, congenital malformations, prematurity, and long-term health issues including obesity and insulin resistance.
- Maternal obesity is linked to increased future CVD risk for the parent, including metabolic syndrome and hypertension.
Conclusions:
- Maternal obesity necessitates comprehensive prenatal and postpartum care strategies.
- Multidisciplinary cardio-obstetrics teams are vital for managing pregnant individuals with obesity and cardiovascular risk factors.
- Further research is needed to elucidate underlying mechanisms and address racial/ethnic disparities in APOs and CVD risk.
Keywords:
adverse pregnancy outcomescardiovascular diseasecardiovascular riskfetal outcomesmaternal obesityMore Related Videos
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