Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Phloem and Sugar Transport02:02

Phloem and Sugar Transport

37.7K
Like many living organisms, plants have tissues that specialize in specific plant functions. For example, shoots are well adapted to rapid growth, while roots are structured to acquire resources efficiently. However, sugar production is primarily restricted to the photosynthetic cells that reside in the leaves of angiosperm plants. Sugar and other resources are transported from photosynthetic tissues to other specialized tissues by a process called translocation.
37.7K
The Physiology of Taste01:24

The Physiology of Taste

4.1K
The perception of a salty flavor is facilitated by sodium ions within the oral salivary fluid. Upon consumption of a salty substance, salt crystals disassemble, leading to the liberation of its constituents—Na+ and Cl- ions. These ions subsequently dissolve into the salivary fluid present in the oral cavity. The external environment of the gustatory cells experiences an elevation in Na+ concentration, thereby establishing a potent concentration gradient. This gradient propels the...
4.1K
Taste Buds and Receptors01:20

Taste Buds and Receptors

2.3K
Gustation, or the sense of taste, is intrinsically linked to the anatomical structures located on the tongue. This organ's surface, along with the entirety of the oral cavity, is adorned with stratified squamous epithelium. Evident on the tongue are elevated structures known as papillae (singular = papilla), which house the mechanisms for the transduction of gustatory stimuli. Four distinct types of papillae exist, each identified by their unique morphological attributes: the circumvallate,...
2.3K
Sugars as Energy Storage Molecules01:10

Sugars as Energy Storage Molecules

8.7K
Sugar (a simple carbohydrate) metabolism (chemical reactions) is a classic example of the many cellular processes that use and produce energy. Living things consume sugar as a major energy source because sugar molecules have considerable energy stored within their bonds. Consumed carbohydrates have their origins in photosynthesizing organisms like plants. During photosynthesis, plants use the energy of sunlight to convert carbon dioxide gas into sugar molecules, like glucose. Because this...
8.7K
Gustation01:43

Gustation

48.5K
Gustation is a chemical sense that, along with olfaction (smell), contributes to our perception of taste. It starts with the activation of receptors by chemical compounds (tastants) dissolved in the saliva. The saliva and filiform papillae on the tongue distribute the tastants and increase their exposure to the taste receptors.
48.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The cGAS-STING pathway: Mechanism and medical implications.

Cell·2026
Same author

Method comparison of microscopy, metabarcoding, and multispectral imaging flow cytometry for identification and relative abundance analysis of insect-dispersed pollen.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

Biodiversity resilience in a tropical rainforest.

Nature·2026
Same author

Temperature boosts and constrains dung beetle diversity along an Andean-Amazonian elevation gradient.

Proceedings. Biological sciences·2026
Same author

Disparate recovery of phylogenetic diversity across taxa during tropical rainforest regeneration.

Proceedings. Biological sciences·2026
Same author

Use and evaluation of psychological interventions in specialist palliative care settings: results of a national online survey with psychologists and psycho-oncologists.

BMC palliative care·2026
Same journal

The SGLT2i "canagliflozin" and the DPP-4i "sitagliptin" mitigate hypertensive nephropathy in adult male rats by modulating the Ang II/RAGE/Nox4/NLRP3 cascade.

Frontiers in physiology·2026
Same journal

Integrated anthropometric correlates of planned change-of-direction performance (T-test) in male badminton players: a partial least squares regression study.

Frontiers in physiology·2026
Same journal

From biaxial tests to cardiac digital twins: a morphomechanics agenda for passive myocardium.

Frontiers in physiology·2026
Same journal

A gradient-based optimization model for predicting decompression sickness risk.

Frontiers in physiology·2026
Same journal

What role does the Notch signaling pathway play in exercise-related metabolic and neurological adaptations? A molecular-to-systems perspective.

Frontiers in physiology·2026
Same journal

Variation in skin barrier function throughout smoltification in Atlantic salmon (<i>Salmo salar</i>).

Frontiers in physiology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 12, 2025

RNAi-mediated Double Gene Knockdown and Gustatory Perception Measurement in Honey Bees Apis mellifera
10:57

RNAi-mediated Double Gene Knockdown and Gustatory Perception Measurement in Honey Bees Apis mellifera

Published on: July 25, 2013

15.0K

Sugar perception in honeybees.

Laura Değirmenci1, Fabio Luiz Rogé Ferreira2, Adrian Vukosavljevic1

  • 1Behavioral Physiology and Sociobiology, Biocenter, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany.

Frontiers in Physiology
|January 30, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Honeybees use two key gustatory receptors (Grs) to detect sugars. This study reveals the specific roles of AmGr1, AmGr2, and AmGr3 in sensing nectar and pollen, impacting taste perception.

Keywords:
AmGr1AmGr2AmGr3Xenopus oocytesgustatory receptors (Grs)honeybee taste perceptionproboscis extension response (PER)sugar responsiveness

More Related Videos

A Novel Behavioral Assay to Investigate Gustatory Responses of Individual, Freely-moving Bumble Bees Bombus terrestris
07:30

A Novel Behavioral Assay to Investigate Gustatory Responses of Individual, Freely-moving Bumble Bees Bombus terrestris

Published on: July 21, 2016

8.8K
Tactile Conditioning And Movement Analysis Of Antennal Sampling Strategies In Honey Bees Apis mellifera L.
10:14

Tactile Conditioning And Movement Analysis Of Antennal Sampling Strategies In Honey Bees Apis mellifera L.

Published on: December 12, 2012

10.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 12, 2025

RNAi-mediated Double Gene Knockdown and Gustatory Perception Measurement in Honey Bees Apis mellifera
10:57

RNAi-mediated Double Gene Knockdown and Gustatory Perception Measurement in Honey Bees Apis mellifera

Published on: July 25, 2013

15.0K
A Novel Behavioral Assay to Investigate Gustatory Responses of Individual, Freely-moving Bumble Bees Bombus terrestris
07:30

A Novel Behavioral Assay to Investigate Gustatory Responses of Individual, Freely-moving Bumble Bees Bombus terrestris

Published on: July 21, 2016

8.8K
Tactile Conditioning And Movement Analysis Of Antennal Sampling Strategies In Honey Bees Apis mellifera L.
10:14

Tactile Conditioning And Movement Analysis Of Antennal Sampling Strategies In Honey Bees Apis mellifera L.

Published on: December 12, 2012

10.7K

Area of Science:

  • Entomology
  • Neuroscience
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Honeybees (Apis mellifera) rely on taste to identify food sources like nectar and pollen.
  • Gustatory receptors (Grs) are crucial for translating taste signals into electrical responses in honeybees.
  • Previous research indicated collective responses of the entire Gr-set, but individual receptor functions remained unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To disentangle the specific contributions of the three honeybee sugar receptors (AmGr1-3) in taste perception.
  • To investigate the sugar spectrum and co-receptor interactions of AmGr1, AmGr2, and AmGr3.
  • To correlate receptor-level function with in vivo behavioral responses to sugars.

Main Methods:

  • CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genetic knock-out of AmGr1-3.
  • Electrophysiology to measure receptor responses.
  • Behavioral assays to assess taste perception.
  • Bimolecular fluorescence complementation to study protein interactions.

Main Results:

  • AmGr1 exhibits an expanded sugar spectrum, with mutants showing reduced sucrose and glucose response.
  • AmGr2 functions as a co-receptor for AmGr1 and, surprisingly, as a standalone receptor with wildtype-like sugar taste perception.
  • AmGr3 is a specific fructose receptor, and its elimination abolishes fructose perception without affecting sucrose sensing.

Conclusions:

  • Honeybee sugar taste perception relies on a combination of AmGr1, AmGr2, and AmGr3.
  • AmGr2 plays a dual role as a co-receptor and an independent receptor.
  • Two gustatory receptors are sufficient for honeybees to sense all relevant sugars, providing a refined understanding of insect chemosensation.