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COVID-19 Impact on Operative Management of Pediatric Neck Abscesses.

Mark A Fadel1, Jennifer L McCoy2, Fendi Obuekwe3

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|January 30, 2023
PubMed
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The number of pediatric neck abscess surgeries decreased in 2020 compared to previous years. This decline in operative cases may be linked to COVID-19 mitigation strategies and a shift towards non-surgical management.

Keywords:
abscesscoronavirusoperative surgical procedurepandemicpediatrics

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Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Pediatric Surgery
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Elective pediatric otolaryngology procedures saw a decline during the COVID-19 pandemic.
  • Neck abscesses in children require prompt surgical intervention, typically incision and drainage.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if the incidence of pediatric neck abscesses requiring operative drainage decreased in 2020.
  • To compare key management and outcome metrics for pediatric neck abscesses in 2020 versus the 2015-2019 period.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of pediatric neck abscess cases treated with incision and drainage.
  • Data collected from April 1 to November 30, 2015-2020, at a tertiary children's hospital.
  • Comparison of case numbers, abscess characteristics, antibiotic duration, and microbiology between 2015-2019 and 2020.

Main Results:

  • A significant decrease in the number of pediatric neck abscess cases was observed in 2020 (23 cases) compared to the 2015-2019 average (35.6 cases).
  • Patients in 2020 had a longer duration of intravenous antibiotic therapy before admission (12 days) compared to 2015-2019 (2 days).
  • A higher percentage of cases in 2020 showed multiple bacterial strains cultured (18.2%) compared to 2015-2019 (13.4%).

Conclusions:

  • The study found a notable reduction in surgically managed pediatric neck abscesses during 2020.
  • Possible explanations include reduced viral/bacterial transmission due to COVID-19 mitigation and a trend towards conservative medical management.
  • Further research is needed to confirm the impact of these factors on pediatric surgical case volumes.