Premature Death in Bodybuilders: What Do We Know?

Area of Science:

• Sports Medicine
• Exercise Physiology
• Endocrinology

Background:

• Premature deaths in bodybuilders are frequently reported, raising concerns about the sport's safety.
• While elite athletes generally have lower mortality rates, specific data on bodybuilders is scarce.
• Anabolic androgenic steroid (AAS) use is a suspected major factor in bodybuilding-related health issues and mortality, but research is complex and confounded.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review current knowledge on bodybuilder lifespan and mortality.
• To explore the nuanced relationship between bodybuilding, AAS use, and health outcomes.
• To identify gaps and recommend future research directions in bodybuilder health and longevity.

Main Methods:

• Literature review and synthesis of existing research on bodybuilding, mortality, and AAS use.
• Analysis of confounding factors influencing health outcomes in bodybuilders.
• Discussion of current scientific understanding and identification of research needs.

Main Results:

• Limited research exists on the specific lifespan of bodybuilders compared to other athletes.
• The role of AAS in bodybuilding mortality is complex, with numerous unique confounding variables.
• There is a significant knowledge gap regarding the long-term health impacts of bodybuilding practices.

Conclusions:

• Further research is crucial to accurately assess the health risks and mortality rates associated with bodybuilding.
• Understanding the interplay of AAS use, training, nutrition, and other factors is essential for bodybuilder health.
• Healthcare providers need evidence-based guidance to effectively monitor and support the health of bodybuilders.