The developments in amniotic membrane transplantation in glaucoma and vitreoretinal procedures

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Regenerative Medicine
• Biomaterials

Background:

• Amniotic Membrane (AM) is utilized in ophthalmology for wound healing, cellular support, and tectonic stability.
• While established for corneal disorders, AM's application extends to conjunctival, glaucoma, and vitreoretinal procedures.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review amniotic membrane (AM) preservation methods.
• To summarize current literature on AM transplantation in glaucoma and vitreoretinal surgery.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of AM applications in ophthalmology.
• Analysis of studies detailing AM use in glaucoma and vitreoretinal surgical techniques.

Main Results:

• AM transplantation with trabeculectomy improves intraocular pressure and enhances success rates, especially with mitomycin C.
• AM is effective for managing leaking blebs and provides tectonic support in glaucoma shunt surgeries.
• AM plugs show successful outcomes in vitreoretinal procedures like macular hole closure and retinal detachment repair.

Conclusions:

• Amniotic Membrane (AM) transplantation is a promising and adaptable adjunctive therapy in ophthalmology.
• Further research is needed to refine surgical techniques and fully understand AM's potential in complex ocular procedures.