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Cytoplasmic effect on gene function in Xenopus laevis.

H J Yu1, C P Shi, M C Niu

  • 1Department of Biology, Peking University.

Scientia Sinica. Series B, Chemical, Biological, Agricultural, Medical & Earth Sciences
|May 1, 1987
PubMed
Summary
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Xenopus laevis cytoplasm influences pigment cell development and maintenance in haploid hybrids. These hybrids show intermediate pigmentation compared to wild-type and albino mutants, indicating cytoplasmic control over melanin production.

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Genetics
  • Amphibian Research

Background:

  • The pigmentation gene in Xenopus laevis is dominant, while the albino mutant gene (aP) is recessive.
  • Understanding the genetic and cytoplasmic factors controlling pigmentation is crucial for developmental studies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of Xenopus cytoplasm in the development and maintenance of pigmentation in heterologous haploid hybrids.
  • To compare pigmentation characteristics in hybrids with wild-type and albino Xenopus.

Main Methods:

  • Production of heterologous haploid hybrids via UV inactivation of egg nuclei during second polar body formation in mutant sperm-fertilized Xenopus eggs.
  • Observation of melanin appearance in eyes and melanophores during hybrid development.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Chromosome counting in tadpole tail-tips to confirm hybrid ploidy.

    • Main Results:

    • Melanin appeared in hybrids at stages comparable to wild-type but earlier than in albino mutants.
    • Pigment cell number and intensity were intermediate between wild-type and albino Xenopus.
    • Hybrid cells retained pigment, while albino cells degenerated, suggesting cytoplasmic contribution.

    Conclusions:

    • Xenopus cytoplasm plays a significant role in both the development and maintenance of pigmentation in heterologous haploid hybrids.
    • The observed intermediate pigmentation suggests a complex interplay between nuclear and cytoplasmic factors, with cytoplasm being essential for sustained pigment expression.