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Related Concept Videos

The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

The Tumor Microenvironment

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Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
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Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
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Updated: Aug 12, 2025

Generation of Microtumors Using 3D Human Biogel Culture System and Patient-derived Glioblastoma Cells for Kinomic Profiling and Drug Response Testing
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Reprogramming the tumor microenvironment with biotechnology.

Minjeong Kim1,2, Na Kyeong Lee1,2, Chi-Pin James Wang1,2

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, SKKU Institute for Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, Gyeonggi, 16419, Republic of Korea.

Biomaterials Research
|February 1, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Reprogramming the tumor microenvironment (TME) using immunotherapy and biomaterials enhances anti-tumor immunity. Strategies include modulating immune cells and targeting tumor metabolism for improved treatment responses.

Keywords:
BiomaterialsCombination treatmentNanoparticleReprogrammingTumor microenvironment

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunology
  • Biomaterials Science

Background:

  • The tumor microenvironment (TME) is crucial for tumor progression and influences treatment efficacy.
  • Immune cells within the TME can be broadly categorized as tumor-antagonizing or tumor-promoting.
  • Modulating the TME is key to enhancing anti-tumor immune responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review strategies for reprogramming the tumor microenvironment (TME).
  • To highlight the role of biomaterials and immunotherapy in TME modulation.
  • To discuss methods for improving anti-tumor immune activity.

Main Methods:

  • Polarizing M2 macrophages to M1 phenotype using Toll-like receptor agonists and cytokines.
  • Inhibiting regulatory T cells via blockade and depletion strategies.
  • Reprogramming T cell infiltration and exhaustion, and targeting metabolic pathways (glucose, lipid, amino acid).

Main Results:

  • Targeting TME components can enhance anti-tumor immune responses.
  • Combination treatments involving biomaterials and nanoparticles show promise.
  • Specific interventions like anti-CD47 and anti-SIRPα are explored for immune cell modulation.

Conclusions:

  • Biomaterials and immunotherapy offer effective strategies for TME reprogramming.
  • Combined therapeutic approaches can significantly improve immune activity against tumors.
  • Targeting TME metabolism and immune cell populations presents a viable therapeutic avenue.