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Perfectionism-related variations in error processing in a task with increased response selection complexity.

André Mattes1, Markus Mück1, Jutta Stahl1

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Summary

Evaluative concern perfectionism (ECP) leads to more errors due to impaired error processing and cognitive control, while personal standards perfectionism (PSP) can moderate this effect. High ECP individuals worry excessively about mistakes.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Personality Psychology

Background:

  • Perfectionism comprises personal standards perfectionism (PSP) and evaluative concern perfectionism (ECP).
  • These dimensions influence goal achievement and fear of negative evaluation, respectively.
  • Understanding their distinct impacts on performance and error processing is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the differential relationships of PSP and ECP with performance.
  • To examine the influence of perfectionism on error processing, including event-related potentials (Ne/c and Pe/c).
  • To explore the role of perfectionism in error detection and post-response adaptation.

Main Methods:

  • Participants completed a task with high response selection complexity.
  • Performance accuracy, post-response adaptation, and error detection were measured.
  • Event-related potentials (ERPs), specifically error/correct negativity (Ne/c) and error/correct positivity (Pe/c), were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • High evaluative concern perfectionism (ECP) was linked to increased errors, despite preoccupation with mistakes.
  • This was associated with reduced early error processing (diminished Ne/c effect) and impaired post-response adaptation.
  • Personal standards perfectionism (PSP) moderated the relationship between ECP and early error processing.

Conclusions:

  • Pure ECP perfectionists may allocate excessive cognitive resources to error-related concerns, hindering cognitive control.
  • This leads to a structural deficit in error processing and potentially poorer performance.
  • Findings highlight the detrimental effects of ECP on cognitive functions related to error management.