[The Evaluation of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer]

We evaluated the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy(NAC)for 38 patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). We administered mFOLFOX6 in 15, FOLFIRI in 3, CAPOX in 10, IRIS in 1 and FOLFOXIRI in 9 patients. We also used bevacizumab in 31 and panitumumab in 7 patients. There were 27 male and 11 female patients, with a median age of 64 years, and location was RS 2, Ra 9, Rb 21, and P 6. Synchronous distant metastasis was recognized in 13 patients. Nine patients had suffered adverse event of Grade 3, however all patients could complete NAC. Clinical response was CR 3, PR 31, SD 4, response rate was 91.9%, and reduction rate was 43.3(range 18.8-100)%. Clinical response of distant metastasis was CR 3, PR 9 and SD 1. Laparoscopic surgery was performed in 29 patients. Postoperative complications of Grade 2 of Clavien- Dindo classification were recognized in 14 and Grade 3 in 4 patients. Three- and five-year overall survival rate of 25 patients without distant metastasis were 79.6% and 74.9%, respectively; and 13 with distant metastasis were 61.6% and 52.6%, respectively. The efficacy, safety and postoperative outcomes of NAC for LARC are favorable, and we think that NAC will be one of the treatments for LARC.