Argentine consensus recommendations for lung cancer screening programmes: a RAND/UCLA-modified Delphi study

Area of Science:

• Pulmonology
• Oncology
• Radiology

Background:

• Lung cancer (LC) screening enhances survival rates.
• Low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) is the most effective screening method, surpassing chest X-ray and sputum cytology.
• Expert consensus in Argentina established guidelines for LC screening programs.

Approach:

• A mixed-method study involved literature review and a modified Delphi consensus panel.
• The Evidence to Decision (EtD) framework guided the generation of 13 evaluation criteria.
• Nineteen experts participated in four voting rounds, using the RAND/UCLA method for consensus.

Key Points:

• Annual LDCT screening is recommended for high-risk individuals aged 55-74.
• High-risk criteria include smoking history (≥30 pack-years) or recent cessation (within 15 years) and specific nodule detection thresholds.
• Screening programs should incorporate smoking cessation, cardiovascular risk assessment, and multidisciplinary management protocols.

Conclusions:

• These recommendations establish minimum requirements for local LC screening protocols.
• Adaptable guidelines empower institutions to tailor programs to specific needs and resources.
• The consensus aims to optimize lung cancer detection and improve patient survival through standardized yet flexible screening approaches.