Metastasising Pleomorphic Adenoma: A Rare Entity

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Pathology
• Surgical Oncology

Background:

• Pleomorphic adenoma (PA) is the most common benign salivary gland tumor.
• Metastasizing pleomorphic adenoma (MPA) is a rare, aggressive subtype.
• MPA often arises after multiple recurrences of primary PA.

Purpose of the Study:

• To report a rare case of metastasizing pleomorphic adenoma.
• To emphasize the diagnostic and management challenges of MPA.
• To review the clinical course of PA with recurrent disease.

Main Methods:

• Case report of a 29-year-old female patient.
• Review of clinical history including prior parotidectomy and recurrences.
• Histopathological evaluation of the primary tumor and metastatic lesions.

Main Results:

• The patient presented with MPA involving ipsilateral lymph nodes.
• The MPA was histologically indistinguishable from the primary PA.
• The development of MPA occurred after 15 years and multiple recurrences of PA.

Conclusions:

• Metastasizing pleomorphic adenoma is a rare but significant clinical entity.
• Recurrent pleomorphic adenoma warrants close monitoring for potential malignant transformation.
• Early recognition and appropriate management are crucial for improving outcomes in MPA.