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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 11, 2025

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Delivering mRNAs to mouse tissues using the SEND system.

Masato Ohtsuka, Jurai Imafuku, Shuho Hori

    Biorxiv : the Preprint Server for Biology
    |February 7, 2023
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Researchers demonstrated a new mRNA delivery method, Selective Endogenous eNcapsidation for cellular Delivery (SEND), in living organisms. This virus-like particle (VLP) system shows potential for mRNA gene therapy applications in vivo.

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    Area of Science:

    • Molecular Biology
    • Gene Therapy
    • Cell Biology

    Background:

    • Messenger RNAs (mRNAs) are typically translated within their cell of origin.
    • Intercellular mRNA transport occurs via nanotubes or extracellular vesicles.
    • A novel mRNA encapsulation and delivery mechanism, Selective Endogenous eNcapsidation for cellular Delivery (SEND), was recently reported in cultured cells.

    Approach:

    • Investigated the in vivo occurrence of the SEND process using genetically engineered mouse models.
    • Developed and utilized specialized mouse models to validate endogenous mRNA encapsulation into virus-like particles (VLPs).
    • Demonstrated the SEND phenomenon in a living organism context.

    Key Points:

    • The SEND process, previously observed in vitro, was successfully demonstrated in vivo.
    • Virus-like particles (VLPs) can encapsulate and deliver endogenous mRNAs to other cells within a living organism.
    • This study provides the first in vivo evidence of the SEND mechanism.

    Conclusions:

    • The SEND process occurs in vivo, extending beyond cell culture observations.
    • The SEND-VLP system represents a potential platform for mRNA-based gene therapy.
    • Further development of SEND-VLP technology could enable targeted mRNA delivery to specific tissues.