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Differences in virulence within the species Bacteroides gingivalis.

T J Van Steenbergen1, F G Delemarre, F Namavar

  • 1Department of Oral Microbiology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek
|January 1, 1987
PubMed
Summary

Virulence factors of Bacteroides gingivalis vary significantly between strains. Highly virulent strains showed reduced polymorphonuclear leucocyte chemiluminescence and serum sensitivity, indicating key differences in pathogenicity.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Immunology
  • Pathogenesis

Background:

  • Bacteroides gingivalis is a key pathogen in periodontal disease.
  • Understanding its virulence factors is crucial for developing effective treatments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relative importance of various virulence factors in different strains of Bacteroides gingivalis.
  • To correlate in vitro findings with in vivo virulence in a mouse model.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed virulence of 8 B. gingivalis strains in a mouse model, noting abscess formation and severity.
  • Measured in vitro chemiluminescence induced by polymorphonuclear leucocytes.
  • Evaluated serum sensitivity and extracellular proteolytic activity.
  • Quantified volatile fatty acids and ammonia production.

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Main Results:

  • Highly virulent strains (HG 66, HG 76, HG 184) caused severe lesions and necrosis, with low chemiluminescence and serum resistance.
  • Moderately virulent strains produced pus, while less virulent strains induced gravity abscesses.
  • No significant differences were observed in proteolytic activity, volatile fatty acids, or ammonia production across strains.

Conclusions:

  • Significant variations in virulence exist within the B. gingivalis species.
  • Polymorphonuclear leucocyte chemiluminescence and serum sensitivity appear to be important virulence factors.
  • Proteolytic activity, volatile fatty acids, and ammonia are not distinguishing virulence factors for these strains.