Association between psychomotor function and ALDH2 genotype after consuming barley shochu: A randomized crossover...

Area of Science:

• Pharmacology
• Neuroscience
• Genetics

Background:

• Acetaldehyde, a key ethanol metabolite, can affect psychomotor performance.
• Its effects may persist even when blood alcohol levels decrease.
• Genetic variations, like ALDH2 polymorphisms, influence alcohol metabolism and its consequences.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the relationship between psychomotor function and exhaled ethanol/acetaldehyde levels.
• To examine the influence of ALDH2 genetic polymorphisms (rs671 G/G *1/*1 vs. G/A *1/*2) on alcohol kinetics and psychomotor performance.
• To assess these effects after consuming a low dose of barley shochu.

Main Methods:

• Participants consumed low-dose barley shochu or water.
• Exhaled ethanol and acetaldehyde concentrations were monitored.
• Psychomotor function was assessed using the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST) and Critical Flicker Fusion Test (CFFT).
• Subjective experiences were measured using the visual analogue scale (VAS).

Main Results:

• No significant differences in DSST or CFFT scores based on ALDH2 genotype.
• The ALDH2 *1/*2 group required longer for DSST scores to return to pre-drinking levels.
• The ALDH2 *1/*2 group reported higher facial flushing and mood elevation, correlating with acetaldehyde levels.

Conclusions:

• ALDH2 genotype influences subjective responses to alcohol, even at low doses.
• The ALDH2 *1/*2 genotype is associated with slower psychomotor recovery and heightened mood elevation.
• Acetaldehyde levels correlate with subjective experiences, suggesting its role in post-consumption effects.