Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 11, 2025
09:49
Visualizing Hyporheic Flow Through Bedforms Using Dye Experiments and Simulation
Published on: November 18, 2015
12.3K
Flow with an intelligent tutor: A latent variable modeling approach to tracking flow during artificial tutoring
Hyeon-Ah Kang1, Adam Sales2, Tiffany A Whittaker3
1University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA. hkang@austin.utexas.edu.
Behavior Research Methods
|February 7, 2023
Summary
Researchers explored latent variable models to track student learning flow in intelligent tutoring systems. These methods reveal learning behaviors and interaction patterns, offering insights for educational technology development.
Area of Science:
- Educational Technology
- Learning Analytics
- Psychometrics
Background:
- Intelligent tutoring systems (ITS) are increasingly used in education.
- Effective analysis of student learning behaviors within ITS is crucial.
- Latent variable modeling offers a promising approach for understanding complex learning processes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore latent variable modeling for tracking learning flow in computer-interactive tutoring.
- To compare three discrete profile models: latent class, latent transition, and hidden Markov models.
- To demonstrate the application of these models using real log data.
Main Methods:
- Application of latent class model (LCM).
- Application of latent transition model (LTM).
- Application of hidden Markov model (HMM).
- Analysis of log data from Cognitive Tutor Algebra I.
Main Results:
- The models successfully revealed substantive information about student learning behaviors.
- Consistent findings on learning flow states and interaction modalities were observed across models.
- Despite differing assumptions and data constraints, models provided convergent insights.
Conclusions:
- Latent variable models are valuable for describing learning flow in intelligent tutoring systems.
- The study highlights the utility of LCM, LTM, and HMM for educational data mining.
- Further development is needed to enhance the capabilities and applications of these models.
Related Concept Videos
01:22Multi-input and Multi-variable systems
137
Cruise control systems in cars are designed as multi-input systems to maintain a driver's desired speed while compensating for external disturbances such as changes in terrain. The block diagram for a cruise control system typically includes two main inputs: the desired speed set by the driver and any external disturbances, such as the incline of the road. By adjusting the engine throttle, the system maintains the vehicle's speed as close to the desired value as possible.
In the absence...
In the absence...
137
01:09Turbulent Flow: Problem Solving
171
Carbonation is a process used to dissolve carbon dioxide gas in a liquid, commonly used in the production of carbonated beverages. Achieving efficient carbonation requires careful control of temperature, pressure, and flow conditions. By adjusting these parameters, carbonation efficiency can be maximized, producing a higher concentration of CO2 in the liquid.
Temperature is a key factor in CO2 solubility. In this case, the CO2 gas and the liquid are cooled to 20°C. Lower temperatures...
Temperature is a key factor in CO2 solubility. In this case, the CO2 gas and the liquid are cooled to 20°C. Lower temperatures...
171
01:24Laminar Flow: Problem Solving
233
Laminar flow occurs when a fluid moves smoothly in parallel layers with minimal mixing and turbulence. In fluid mechanics, ensuring laminar flow within a pipe is essential for precise control of flow characteristics, especially in engineering applications. The key factor in determining whether flow remains laminar is the Reynolds number, a dimensionless quantity that depends on the fluid's velocity, density, viscosity, and the pipe's diameter. A Reynolds number of 2100 or lower...
233
01:18Uniform Depth Channel Flow: Problem Solving
107
To calculate the flow rate for a trapezoidal channel, first, identify the bottom width, side slope, and flow depth of the channel. The cross-sectional area (A) corresponding to the depth of flow (y), channel bottom width (B), and side slope (θ) is determined by:Next, calculate the wetted perimeter, which includes the bottom width and the sloped side lengths in contact with the water. Using the values of the cross-sectional area and the wetted perimeter, determine the hydraulic radius by...
107
01:12Observational Learning
254
Albert Bandura's observational learning, also known as imitation or modeling, occurs when a person observes and imitates another's behavior. It is a quicker process than operant conditioning. A well-known example is the Bobo doll study, where children who saw an adult acting aggressively towards the doll were more likely to act aggressively when left alone, compared to those who observed a nonaggressive adult. Many psychologists view observational learning as a form of latent learning...
254
01:21Cognitive Learning
468
Cognitive learning is based on purposive behavior, incidental learning, and insight learning.
E. C. Tolman's theory of purposive behavior emphasizes that much behavior is goal-directed. He argued that to understand behavior, we must look at the entire sequence of actions leading to a goal. For instance, high school students study hard, not just due to past reinforcement but also to achieve the goal of getting into a good college.
Tolman introduced the idea that behavior is influenced by...
E. C. Tolman's theory of purposive behavior emphasizes that much behavior is goal-directed. He argued that to understand behavior, we must look at the entire sequence of actions leading to a goal. For instance, high school students study hard, not just due to past reinforcement but also to achieve the goal of getting into a good college.
Tolman introduced the idea that behavior is influenced by...
468