The Development and Psychometric Properties of the Impact of Covid-19 Scale (Ic19-S): A Factor Analysis Approach
Sonia Mukhtar1, Waleed Rana, Shamim Mukhtar
1University of Management and Technology, C-II Block C 2 Phase 1 Johar Town, Lahore, Punjab 54770, Pakistan, sonia.mukhtar12@gmail.com.
Background:
Individuals are exhibiting COVID-19 anxiety- related responses including psychological impact besides physiological, social, and economic impacts of COVID-19 which are prevalent across countries and territories. COVID-19 anxiety-related responses include anxiety of coronavirus transmission, fear of foreigners with perceived infection transmissibility, and stress of socioeconomic conditions.
Subjects And Methods:
The current study developed and psychometrically validated 37 items Impact of COVID-19 Scale (IC19-S) to assess COVID-19 related factors in to facilitate healthcare planning and management among general public. The IC19-S aims to assess COVID-19 related anxiety and predict the mental health impact of future epidemics or pandemics.
Results:
The factor analysis yielded a 3 factor solution namely: COVID-19 Psychological Impact - anxiety of transmission and infection (including apprehensions, compulsive acts, posttraumatic impact, and misinformation); COVID-19 Social Impact - fear of foreigners for infection transmission (including disease transmission, xenophobia); and COVID-19 Economic Impact - distress towards the economic conditions (including poverty, unemployment and deflation) for personal and family care. The factors showed that scale had high internal consistency, construct, convergent and discriminant validity and intercorrelation.
Conclusion:
The IC19-S is a consistent and valid tool to measure the impact of COVID-19 on various life aspects in a range of population.
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