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Amplifying and Quantifying HIV-1 RNA in HIV Infected Individuals with Viral Loads Below the Limit of Detection by Standard Clinical Assays
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COVID-19 in people living with HIV: a single-center descriptive study

Edgar Pérez-Barragán1, José Humberto Castillo-Flores2, José Antonio Mata-Marín1

  • 1Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital de Infectología, Centro Médico Nacional La Raza, Mexico City, Mexico.

Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
|February 8, 2023
PubMed

Insights

People living with HIV and COVID-19 who have achieved viral suppression generally do not experience severe illness. This study found a low mortality rate among these patients, highlighting the importance of effective antiretroviral therapy.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Virology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • People living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV) may be at increased risk for severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) due to immunocompromise.
  • HIV infection is an independent risk factor for COVID-19 mortality.
  • Limited data exists on the clinical characteristics of PLHIV with COVID-19 in Mexico.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes of people living with HIV (PLHIV) diagnosed with COVID-19 in a single center in Mexico.
  • To assess the impact of virological suppression on COVID-19 severity in PLHIV.

Main Methods:

  • Observational, retrospective, monocentric cohort study.
  • Inclusion criteria: PLHIV diagnosed with COVID-19 between March 2020 and April 2021.
  • Data collected: SARS-CoV-2 detection via PCR, clinical features, epidemiological characteristics, comorbidities, and outcomes.

Main Results:

  • 55 PLHIV with COVID-19 were identified; median age 36 years, 94.5% had virological suppression (undetectable HIV-1 RNA).
  • 100% were on antiretroviral therapy (ART) with a median CD4+ T-cell count of 734/mm3.
  • Low mortality rate (1.8%); common comorbidities included obesity, hypertension, and diabetes.

Conclusions:

  • Contrary to some reports, PLHIV with adequate virological control on ART did not experience a severe course of COVID-19.
  • Effective antiretroviral therapy and viral suppression appear to mitigate the risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes in PLHIV.
  • Findings emphasize the importance of continued HIV management for better COVID-19 prognosis.
Abstract

Keywords:
CoronavirusSARS-CoV-2infectionvirus

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