Polymeric biomaterials-based tissue engineering for wound healing: a systemic review

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Tissue Engineering
• Regenerative Medicine

Background:

• Biomaterials are crucial for tissue engineering, offering alternatives to biological macromolecules for wound healing.
• Skin restoration depends on wound depth and severity, with biomaterial choice significantly impacting healing rates.
• The stability and properties of biomaterials in vivo are key factors in fabricating effective skin substitutes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review recent literature on biomaterials for wound healing.
• To identify frequently used biomaterials and their mechanisms of action in skin damage repair.
• To summarize advances in natural and synthetic biomaterials for accelerating skin wound regeneration.

Main Methods:

• Systematic literature search conducted on major scientific databases (2017-2021).
• Meta-analysis performed using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.
• 23 relevant publications critically reviewed for data extraction on biomaterial types, wound applications, and mechanisms.

Main Results:

• 2022 scholarly articles were initially retrieved; 23 publications were selected after rigorous quality evaluation and exclusion criteria.
• Both natural and synthetic polymers, often in composite forms, are extensively used for surgical and burn wound healing.
• Recent advancements focus on polymer-based biomaterials to enhance skin wound healing efficacy.

Conclusions:

• Biomaterials show promise in accelerating wound healing, but efficacy varies with wound severity.
• Scarcity, high costs, and processing challenges limit the large-scale clinical application of some biomaterials.
• Technical suitability for real-world medical scenarios remains a critical consideration for biomaterial implementation in wound care.