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Updated: Oct 8, 2026
Ceramic Omnidirectional Bioprinting in Cell-Laden Suspensions for the Generation of Bone Analogs
Published on: August 8, 2022
Cryogenic 3D-printed PLGA/nano-selenium scaffold for bone regeneration: a dual-functional strategy synergistically
Shengwen Cheng1,2,3, Yuqiao Wang1,2,3, Yu Zhai1,2,3
1Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China.
Background:
Autologous and allogeneic bone grafts are primarily used for bone tissue defects; however, they have limitations such as limited supply, donor site morbidity, and immune rejection risks. Therefore, substitute synthetic bone grafts are required. This study aims to develop a cryogenic 3D-printed PLGA/HA@SeNPs scaffold that synergistically regulates macrophage polarization and osteogenic differentiation for bone regeneration.
Methods:
Using low-temperature 3D printing combined with freeze-drying technology, a hierarchically porous PLGA/HA@SeNPs composite scaffold was fabricated by compositing poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) with hyaluronic acid-modified selenium (Se) nanoparticles (HA@SeNPs), enabling sustained immunomodulation and osteogenic activity through its engineered microtopography and bioactive components.
Results:
In vitro evaluations confirmed that the unique microstructure and sustained Se release from HA@SeNPs synergistically promoted macrophage polarization toward the M2 phenotype, accompanied by enhanced osteogenic differentiation as shown by upregulation of Runx2 and osteocalcin and accelerated matrix mineralization. Implantation into a rat femoral critical-sized defect model resulted in substantially improved bone repair and architectural restoration.
Conclusions:
These findings indicate that the intrinsic physicochemical properties of the PLGA/HA@SeNPs scaffold orchestrate a favorable osteo-immune environment, positioning it as a promising platform for bone regeneration.
