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Extinction Training During the Reconsolidation Window Prevents Recovery of Fear
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Response effort and resurgence.

Kimberly M Walter1,2, Chata A Dickson1,2

  • 1Department of Psychology, Western New England University, Springfield, MA, United States.

Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior
|February 10, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Response effort influences resurgence, with less effortful behaviors showing a greater return during extinction. This finding is crucial for understanding behavioral patterns in autism spectrum disorder.

Keywords:
control responsehuman operantresponse effortresurgence

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Area of Science:

  • Behavioral psychology
  • Autism spectrum disorder research
  • Applied behavior analysis

Background:

  • Resurgence, the return of previously suppressed behavior, is a key phenomenon in behavioral psychology.
  • Understanding factors influencing resurgence is critical for developing effective behavioral interventions, particularly for individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).
  • Response effort, the physical or mental exertion required to perform a behavior, has been hypothesized to impact resurgence magnitude.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct an initial translational examination of the relationship between response effort and resurgence.
  • To investigate whether less effortful responses are more likely to recur with greater magnitude under resurgence-inducing conditions.
  • To explore these dynamics in both typically developing adults and adolescents with ASD.

Main Methods:

  • Two experiments were conducted with typically developing adults and adolescents with ASD.
  • Participants engaged in tasks requiring different levels of response effort (easy vs. difficult) to earn points.
  • A three-phase procedure (establishment, elimination, extinction) was used to assess response resurgence.
  • Response effort was manipulated by altering the size and speed of visual stimuli.

Main Results:

  • The magnitude of resurgence was significantly greater when the initial response (R1) required less effort.
  • In Experiment 2, both the target response (R1) and control responding were higher during the extinction phase compared to the elimination phase across all conditions and participants.
  • Findings support the hypothesis that response effort is a critical determinant of resurgence magnitude.

Conclusions:

  • Response effort demonstrably affects the magnitude of behavioral resurgence.
  • Less effortful responses are more prone to recur with greater intensity when conditions favor resurgence.
  • These findings have implications for behavioral interventions and understanding learning processes in individuals with and without autism spectrum disorder.