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Updated: Aug 10, 2025

A Novel Bioreactor for High Density Cultivation of Diverse Microbial Communities
Published on: December 25, 2015
How anaerobic sludge microbiome respond to different concentrations of nitrite, nitrate, and ammonium ions: a
Runhua Su1, Lina Zhou1, Lili Ding2
1State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
Abstract:
High concentrations of ammonium, nitrite, and nitrate always induce inhibition in anaerobic wastewater treatment. Due to the complexity and vulnerability of the microbial community (especially methanogens) in anaerobic sludge, little is understood about its underlying microbial mechanism under such inhibition. In this study, the shifts of microbial communities in anaerobic sludge under increasing levels of nitrite, nitrate, and ammonium ions were compared. Results show that although half maximal inhibitory concentrations (methanogenesis) were different for nitrite, nitrate, and ammonium ions with EC50 values of 12, 30, and 3000 mg N/L, respectively, bacteria genera Kosmotoga and Brooklawnia dominated in all of the three high-stress inhibitory systems. Network analysis and redundancy analysis (RDA) of the microbial community showed the treatments with nitrate and nitrite ions decreased the modularity of anaerobic microorganisms. RDA showed that specific methanogenic activity was positively related to coenzyme F420 under nitrite inhibition (rp = 0.833, p < 0.05) and closely correlated with viability under nitrate inhibition. Gram-positive and nonmotile Brooklawnia genus showed a negative correlation with physiological characteristics in the ammonia treatments, suggesting its high resistance to ammonia.
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