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Motorized Robotic Closed Cervical Traction: Biomechanical Proof of Concept
Brandon A Sherrod1, Trevor Schwehr2,3, Daniel Waldram2
1Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT.
Spine
|February 10, 2023
Summary
A new robotic cervical traction device accurately applies controlled forces, matching manual methods in biomechanical and cadaveric models. This innovation offers a safer, more precise alternative for spinal traction applications.
Area of Science:
- Biomechanics
- Orthopedic Surgery
- Robotics in Medicine
Background:
- Closed cervical traction is crucial for treating subaxial cervical spine dislocations and distraction during surgery.
- Traditional weight-and-pulley traction systems lack precision and safeguards against over-traction or accidental weight changes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate a novel robotic cervical traction device.
- To compare its effectiveness against manual weight-and-pulley traction.
- To assess its precision and safety in applying controlled traction forces.
Main Methods:
- A prototype robotic cervical traction device was designed with real-time force measurement and precise actuators.
- Testing involved an extension spring model and an intact fresh cadaver specimen.
- The device was compared to manual traction, applying forces incrementally up to 80 lbs (355 N).
Main Results:
- The robotic device accurately achieved and maintained target forces (±1 lb).
- Radiographic outcomes in cadaveric testing were equivalent to manual traction at 80 lbs.
- The device met all design requirements, including force accuracy and manipulation capabilities.
Conclusions:
- The developed robotic cervical traction system demonstrates safe and effective application of controlled traction forces.
- This technology presents a promising advancement over traditional manual traction methods.
- Further research may validate its clinical utility in managing cervical spine injuries and surgical procedures.
