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Related Concept Videos

Physiological Foundation of Stress01:24

Physiological Foundation of Stress

139
Stress triggers a coordinated physiological response involving the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. This dual activation ensures that the body is prepared for both immediate and prolonged stress management. The process begins with the perception of a stressor. This initial phase activates the SNS, leading to the rapid release of adrenaline (epinephrine) from the adrenal glands.
Role of the Sympathetic Nervous System
Adrenaline triggers the...
139
Psychological Responses to Stress01:20

Psychological Responses to Stress

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Psychological responses to stress encompass the various cognitive and emotional reactions individuals experience when faced with challenging or threatening situations, such as a job loss. Prolonged exposure to stressors can disturb emotional balance, increasing negative emotions (e.g., anxiety and sadness) and diminishing positive emotions (e.g., joy and satisfaction). These persistent emotional shifts are associated with an increased risk of both physical illness and mental health issues, such...
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Stress Response System01:21

Stress Response System

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The stress response system, also known as the fight-or-flight response, is the body's automatic physiological reaction to perceived threats. Hans Selye introduced the concept of General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) to describe the predictable pattern of changes that occur in response to stress. GAS consists of three sequential stages: alarm, resistance, and exhaustion. This model helps explain how chronic stress can contribute to health problems.
Alarm stage
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Reflex Activity01:08

Reflex Activity

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A reflex activity is an automatic, involuntary response to specific stimuli. It is a part of our survival mechanism, designed to protect us from potential harm. For example, when a bright light suddenly shines into our eyes, we instinctively close them or look away. This is a simple reflex activity orchestrated by the nervous system without conscious thought or effort.
A reflex exam is a diagnostic procedure performed by a healthcare professional to evaluate the functionality of a patient's...
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Exercise Stress Test01:26

Exercise Stress Test

337
Introduction
Exercise stress testing, commonly known as a treadmill test, is a noninvasive procedure used to evaluate cardiovascular function and diagnose heart conditions.
Definition
An exercise stress test measures the heart's response to exertion using a treadmill or stationary bicycle. Chest electrodes record the heart's electrical activity through an ECG, and blood pressure is monitored regularly.
Purposes
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Introduction to Stress and Lifestyle01:27

Introduction to Stress and Lifestyle

155
Stress is a multifaceted response to events perceived as challenging or threatening, highlighting physical, emotional, cognitive, and behavioral reactions. Physically, stress can lead to fatigue, sleep disruptions, and various health issues such as frequent colds, chest pains, and nausea. Emotionally, it can manifest as anxiety, depression, irritability, and anger triggered by both minor and major life events. Cognitively, it may result in difficulty in concentration, memory, and...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 10, 2025

Reducing State Anxiety Using Working Memory Maintenance
08:17

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Emergency Reflex Action Drills and the Problem with Stress.

Natalie Zink, Andrew Merelman, Andrew D Fisher

    Journal of Special Operations Medicine : a Peer Reviewed Journal for SOF Medical Professionals
    |February 10, 2023
    PubMed
    Summary

    Emergency reflex action drills (ERADs) enhance critical care by developing automaticity in high-stress situations. Practiced responses minimize cognitive load, improving clinician performance in demanding clinical scenarios.

    Keywords:
    adaptionerrorperformancestresstraining

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    Area of Science:

    • Critical care medicine
    • Human performance under stress
    • Cognitive psychology

    Background:

    • Clinicians in critical care face high-stress, demanding situations impacting performance.
    • Existing coping mechanisms from other high-risk fields are not optimized for emergency medical care.
    • Cognitive overload from multiple stressors can significantly diminish human performance.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To outline the psychological, cognitive, and behavioral effects of stress on clinical performance.
    • To review the scientific basis of cognitive behavioral techniques for managing high-stress situations.
    • To recommend the adoption of emergency reflex action drills (ERADs) to enhance clinical practice.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of evidence on stress, human performance, and coping mechanisms in high-risk occupations.
    • Analysis of cognitive behavioral techniques applied in stressful environments.
    • Development of the concept of emergency reflex action drills (ERADs) based on existing evidence.

    Main Results:

    • Stress significantly impairs cognitive function and performance in critical care settings.
    • Structured, practiced responses (ERADs) can automate critical skills, reducing cognitive load.
    • ERADs promote quick, effective, and reproducible performance in time-sensitive situations.

    Conclusions:

    • Emergency reflex action drills (ERADs) are essential for mitigating stress-induced performance deficits in critical care.
    • Adopting ERADs can enhance clinical practice by improving automaticity and reducing cognitive burden.
    • The study provides an example of ERAD implementation in airway management.