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Liver Regeneration

Liver Regeneration

The liver is an important organ in vertebrates that plays an essential role in metabolism. It is also responsible for storing and redistributing nutrients such as carbohydrates, fats, and vitamins in the body. Additionally, the liver releases bile salts which are critical for digesting food and eliminating toxic metabolites from the body.
Cells of Liver
The liver comprises four major types of cells— hepatocytes, stellate, Kupffer, and sinusoidal endothelial cells. The hepatocytes are...

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Updated: Aug 10, 2025

Determining Bile Duct Density in the Mouse Liver

Determining Bile Duct Density in the Mouse Liver

Published on: April 30, 2019

Update on Hepatobiliary Plasticity.

Minwook Kim¹, Fatima Rizvi², Donghun Shin¹

¹Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

Seminars in Liver Disease

|February 10, 2023

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Liver cells, hepatocytes and biliary epithelial cells (BECs), can transform into each other to repair damage. This plasticity, observed in human disease and studied in animal models, offers therapeutic potential.

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Last Updated: Aug 10, 2025

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Area of Science:

Hepatobiliary plasticity and liver regeneration.

Background:

The liver comprises hepatocytes and biliary epithelial cells (BECs), originating from a common fetal progenitor, the hepatoblast.
Decades of research have explored the potential of these cell types to transdifferentiate and compensate for each other's loss in the adult liver.
Biphenotypic cells expressing markers of both cell types have been observed in diseased human livers, suggesting in vivo plasticity.

Purpose of the Study:

To review clinical and preclinical evidence of hepatobiliary plasticity.
To explore the molecular mechanisms underlying this cellular plasticity.
To discuss the therapeutic applications of hepatobiliary plasticity.

Main Methods:

Review of clinical observations in diseased human livers.
Analysis of preclinical studies using murine and zebrafish models with cell fate tracing.
Examination of molecular mechanisms associated with cell transdifferentiation.

Main Results:

Evidence supports the plasticity of hepatocytes and BECs, allowing them to differentiate into one another.
Biphenotypic cells and regenerative processes in diseased livers indicate this compensatory mechanism.
Animal models provide tools to study the origins and regulation of hepatobiliary plasticity.

Conclusions:

Hepatobiliary plasticity is a significant repair mechanism in the liver.
Understanding this plasticity can lead to novel therapeutic strategies for liver diseases.
Further research in preclinical models is crucial for harnessing this potential.