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Paradoxic Intention as an Adjunct Treatment to Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia
Markus Jansson-Fröjmark1, Christina Sandlund2, Annika Norell-Clarke3
1Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Competence Center for Psychotherapy Research and Education, Liljeholmstorget 7, Stockholm 117 63, Sweden.
Abstract:
Paradoxic intention (PI) was one of the first psychological interventions for insomnia. Historically, PI has been incorporated in cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) or delivered as a sole intervention for insomnia. PI instructions have varied over the years, but a common denominator is the instruction to try to stay awake in bed for as long as possible. This article reviews and discuss treatment rationales and theoretic frameworks for PI, the current evidence base for PI, its clinical relevance, and considerations needed when PI is used as an adjunct treatment to CBT-I, or as a second-line intervention for insomnia.
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