Prostate Cancer-PET Imaging Update.

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Radiology
• Nuclear Medicine

Background:

• Prostate cancer is a leading cause of cancer mortality in men, with incidence rising after age 65.
• Variable aggressiveness based on grade and stage necessitates accurate diagnostic tools.
• Despite treatment advances, 25% of patients experience prostate cancer recurrence.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review commonly used molecular imaging agents for prostate cancer evaluation.
• To emphasize Fluorine-18 fluciclovine (Axumin) and PSMA-ligand agents.
• To discuss protocols, interpretation, and potential pitfalls of these imaging agents.

Main Methods:

• Review of current literature on prostate cancer molecular imaging.
• Focus on Positron Emission Tomography (PET) agents approved by the FDA.
• Analysis of imaging protocols, interpretation guidelines, and common challenges.

Main Results:

• Recent FDA approvals have expanded options for prostate cancer imaging.
• Fluorine-18 fluciclovine (Axumin) and PSMA-ligand agents are key advancements.
• Understanding protocols and interpretation is crucial for effective use.

Conclusions:

• Molecular imaging, particularly with Axumin and PSMA-ligands, provides new avenues for evaluating prostate cancer.
• Accurate interpretation and awareness of pitfalls are essential for clinical application.
• These PET agents represent significant progress in managing prostate cancer recurrence.