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Fertility Control for Wildlife: A European Perspective.

Giovanna Massei1

  • 1Botstiber Institute for Wildlife Fertility Control Europe, Department of Environment and Geography, University of York, 290 Wentworth Way, Heslington, York YO10 5NG, UK.

Animals : an Open Access Journal From MDPI
|February 11, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Wildlife fertility control offers a humane alternative to lethal methods for managing human-wildlife conflict in Europe. This review explores contraceptives

Keywords:
coexistencecontraceptiveshuman–wildlife conflictswildlife impactswildlife management

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Area of Science:

  • Wildlife ecology and conservation biology.
  • Reproductive biology and endocrinology.
  • Environmental management and policy.

Background:

  • Increasing human population growth and landscape development in Europe are escalating human-wildlife conflicts.
  • Traditional lethal control methods are often ineffective, environmentally hazardous, and face public opposition.
  • Fertility control is proposed as a humane and sustainable alternative for wildlife management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the effects of mammalian and avian wildlife contraceptives on individual and population reproduction.
  • To assess delivery methods, costs, and feasibility of fertility control in various European contexts.
  • To identify knowledge gaps and provide a decision framework for implementing wildlife fertility control.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review of existing wildlife contraceptive research.
  • Analysis of reproductive effects, delivery systems, and economic considerations.
  • Evaluation of applicability in diverse European settings, including urban areas and national parks.

Main Results:

  • Fertility control presents a viable option for managing wildlife populations, particularly where lethal methods are unacceptable.
  • The review identifies critical knowledge gaps concerning impacts on behavior, recruitment, and non-target species.
  • A decision framework is proposed to guide the potential use of wildlife fertility control in Europe.

Conclusions:

  • Developing and registering wildlife contraceptives in Europe requires investment but is cost-effective compared to wildlife impacts.
  • Fertility control is essential for meeting public demand for human-wildlife coexistence strategies.
  • Further research is needed to address knowledge gaps for successful implementation.