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Long COVID Syndrome and Cardiovascular Manifestations: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Abhigan Babu Shrestha1, Aashna Mehta2, Pashupati Pokharel3

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, M Abdur Rahim Medical College, Dinajpur 5200, Bangladesh.

Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)
|February 11, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Long COVID significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular issues like arrhythmias and heart disease. Early cardiac monitoring is crucial for managing these long COVID complications.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Long COVID syndrome presents diverse, persistent symptoms in COVID-19 survivors.
  • Cardiovascular sequelae are a critical concern in the post-COVID-19 era.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and meta-analyze cardiovascular outcomes in individuals with post-COVID syndrome.
  • To assess the association between COVID-19 and conditions such as arrhythmias, myocardial/pericardial diseases, coronary artery disease, and thromboembolic disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review and meta-analysis adhering to PRISMA guidelines.
  • Searches conducted across multiple databases without language restrictions until October 8, 2022.
  • Inclusion of seven studies with over 8 million participants (1.3 million cases, 6.8 million controls).

Main Results:

  • Significantly elevated odds ratios for cardiovascular outcomes in post-COVID cases compared to controls (OR > 1, p < 0.05).
  • No statistically significant differences in mortality (OR: 4.76, p = 0.13) or heart rate variability (SMD: -0.06, p = 0.91).

Conclusions:

  • Post-COVID syndrome is associated with significant cardiovascular complications.
  • Emphasizes the need for vigilant cardiac monitoring in COVID-19 patients during the post-COVID phase.
  • Recommends larger prospective studies for precise risk estimation.

Keywords:
COVID-19SARS-CoV-2cardiovascular outcomedysrhythmiaslong COVIDpost-COVID syndromesystematic review and meta-analysistachycardia

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