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Stressor-Specific Sex Differences in Amygdala-Frontal Cortex Networks.

Zoé Bürger1, Veronika I Müller2,3, Felix Hoffstaedter2,3

  • 1Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Tübingen Centre for Mental Health (TüCMH), Medical Faculty, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.

Journal of Clinical Medicine
|February 11, 2023
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sex differences in stress response are linked to brain connectivity. Females show distinct amygdala-frontal functional connectivity patterns during social exclusion versus achievement stress, suggesting social affiliation is crucial for their coping.

Keywords:
CyberballMISTachievement stressresting-state functional connectivitysex differencessocial exclusionstress

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychology
  • Stress Research

Background:

  • Sexes exhibit differing stress reactivity and prevalence of stress-related disorders.
  • Neurocognitive models highlight amygdala-frontal functional connectivity in stress coping.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate sex and stressor type effects on amygdala-frontal functional connectivity.
  • Examine resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) in relation to stress and sex.

Main Methods:

  • Within-subject counterbalanced design with 77 healthy participants (40 females).
  • Assessed rsFC between amygdala and frontal regions (dlPFC, vACC, mPFC) under two stressor types.
  • Measured subjective changes in affect and anger.

Main Results:

  • Both stressors altered subjective ratings, decreasing positive affect and increasing negative affect/anger.
  • Females displayed higher amygdala-vACC and amygdala-mPFC rsFC during social exclusion compared to achievement stress and males.
  • Higher amygdala-vACC rsFC relates to emotion processing/coping; higher amygdala-mPFC rsFC indicates reward/social affiliation benefits.

Conclusions:

  • Sex and stressor type interactively influence amygdala-frontal coupling.
  • Females' heightened amygdala-frontal connectivity during social exclusion suggests a greater reliance on social affiliation for coping.
  • Findings contribute to understanding sex differences in stress coping and disorder prevalence.