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Ratiometric Electrochemical Sensor for Butralin Determination Using a Quinazoline-Engineered Prussian Blue Analogue.

Marcio Cristiano Monteiro1, João Paulo Winiarski1, Edson Roberto Santana1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
|February 11, 2023
PubMed
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A novel ratiometric electrochemical sensor using quinazoline-engineered ZnFe Prussian blue analogue (PBA-qnz) was developed for accurate herbicide butralin detection. This sensor offers improved precision and sensitivity for analyzing butralin in food samples.

Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Herbicides like butralin pose risks to food safety and environmental health.
  • Development of sensitive and selective electrochemical sensors is crucial for accurate herbicide monitoring.
  • Prussian blue analogues (PBAs) offer unique electrochemical properties for sensor applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a ratiometric electrochemical sensor for the determination of the herbicide butralin.
  • To engineer a novel ZnFe Prussian blue analogue (PBA-qnz) for enhanced sensor performance.
  • To validate the sensor's efficacy in real-world food sample analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of quinazoline-engineered ZnFe Prussian blue analogue (PBA-qnz).
Keywords:
Prussian blue analoguebutralinquinazolineratiometric sensor

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  • Modification of a carbon paste electrode with PBA-qnz.
  • Characterization using spectroscopic and electrochemical techniques.
  • Ratiometric electrochemical sensing utilizing a stable internal reference signal.
  • Quantification of butralin via square wave voltammetry.

    • Main Results:

    • The PBA-qnz modified electrode exhibited enhanced current responses for butralin detection.
    • A stable internal reference signal from PBA-qnz improved sensor precision.
    • The sensor achieved a linear detection range of 0.5–30.0 µmol L⁻¹ for butralin.
    • A low limit of detection (0.17 µmol L⁻¹) was achieved.
    • The sensor demonstrated excellent precision and accuracy in analyzing butralin in lettuce and potato samples.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed ratiometric electrochemical sensor based on PBA-qnz is effective for sensitive and precise butralin determination.
    • The sensor's ability to analyze real food samples highlights its practical applicability in food safety monitoring.
    • This approach offers a promising tool for the detection of agricultural contaminants.