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Understanding heat transfer mechanisms is essential for understanding how our bodies maintain balance in different environmental conditions. When the environment is thermoneutral, the body is in a state of balance, neither using nor releasing energy to maintain its core temperature. However, when the environment is not thermoneutral, the body employs four heat transfer mechanisms to maintain homeostasis: conduction, convection, evaporation, and radiation. These mechanisms facilitate heat...
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Heat transfer between the human body and its environment occurs through four main mechanisms: conduction, convection, radiation, and evaporation.
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In convection, thermal energy is carried by the large-scale flow of matter. Ocean currents and large-scale atmospheric circulation, which result from the buoyancy of warm air and water, transfer hot air from the tropics toward the poles and cold air from the poles toward the tropics. The Earth’s rotation interacts with those flows, causing the observed eastward flow of air in the temperate zones. Convection dominates heat transfer by air, and the amount of available space for the airflow...
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The heat capacity of a gas is the amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of a unit mass of gas by one degree Celsius. It is an important thermodynamic property of gases, and its determination is essential in many industrial and scientific applications. Here are the steps to solve problems related to the heat capacities of gases:
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Optimization of Hexagonal Structure for Enhancing Heat Transfer in Storage System.

Natalia Raźny1, Anna Dmitruk1, Artur Nemś2

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This study enhanced thermal energy storage using salt mixtures with aluminum honeycomb structures. These structures improved heat transfer during charging and discharging cycles, showing better performance than pure phase change material beds.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Thermal Engineering
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Latent heat storage systems are crucial for thermal energy management.
  • Phase change materials (PCMs) like KNO3 and NaNO3 mixtures offer high energy storage density.
  • Efficient heat transfer is a key challenge for PCM system performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the thermal performance of latent heat storage systems using a KNO3/NaNO3 salt mixture.
  • To enhance heat transfer by incorporating 3D printed, investment-cast aluminum honeycomb structures.
  • To evaluate the impact of different wall thicknesses on system performance through experimental testing and numerical simulation.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of aluminum honeycomb structures using 3D printing and investment casting.
  • Experimental testing of latent heat storage system performance with and without enhancers.
  • Numerical simulation using ANSYS Fluent to analyze heat transfer characteristics for various wall thicknesses (0.8-2.0 mm).

Main Results:

  • Honeycomb structures significantly improved charging and discharging rates compared to a pure PCM bed.
  • Thicker walls (up to 2.0 mm) led to reduced temperature change rates (dT/dt) and improved heat distribution.
  • Investment casting produced complex, defect-free aluminum structures.

Conclusions:

  • Aluminum honeycomb enhancers effectively improve the thermal performance of KNO3/NaNO3 latent heat storage systems.
  • Optimizing wall thickness of enhancers is critical for efficient thermal management.
  • Advanced manufacturing techniques like 3D printing and investment casting are suitable for creating high-performance heat transfer enhancers.