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Analysis of GPS/EGNOS Positioning Quality Using Different Ionospheric Models in UAV Navigation.

Grzegorz Grunwald1, Adam Ciećko1, Tomasz Kozakiewicz1

  • 1Faculty of Geoengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-720 Olsztyn, Poland.

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Summary

This study analyzed Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) positioning accuracy using the European Geostationary Navigation Overlay Service (EGNOS) with different ionospheric models. The EGNOS model provided the best results, with phase-smoothing reducing errors to ~1.3m horizontally and ~2.2m vertically.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Geomatics Engineering
  • Satellite Navigation Systems
  • Geophysics

Background:

  • Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) increasingly rely on Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) for geoinformation acquisition.
  • The European Geostationary Navigation Overlay Service (EGNOS) enhances GNSS positioning, particularly for aviation.
  • Accurate positioning is crucial for UAV applications, necessitating robust navigation algorithms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the positioning quality of a modified Global Positioning System (GPS)/EGNOS algorithm.
  • To compare the performance of different ionospheric models (EGNOS, Klobuchar for GPS/BeiDou, NeQuick for Galileo) in GNSS positioning.
  • To assess the impact of phase-smoothing of code observations on positioning accuracy.

Main Methods:

  • Modified GPS/EGNOS algorithm development.
  • Implementation and comparison of EGNOS, Klobuchar (GPS/BeiDou), and NeQuick (Galileo) ionospheric models.
  • Analysis of positioning accuracy with and without ionospheric corrections.
  • Evaluation of phase-smoothing technique on code observations.

Main Results:

  • The original EGNOS ionospheric model yielded superior accuracy and better horizontal-vertical correlation compared to other tested models.
  • Removing ionospheric corrections negatively impacted positioning quality.
  • Phase-smoothing of code observations resulted in maximum horizontal errors of ~1.3m and vertical errors of ~2.2m.

Conclusions:

  • The EGNOS ionospheric model is effective for enhancing GPS/EGNOS positioning accuracy.
  • Phase-smoothing is a valuable technique for improving GNSS positioning precision.
  • Results are specific to the study area in north-eastern Poland.