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    Researchers developed low-loss photonic integrated circuits and arrayed waveguide gratings for mid-infrared quantum cascade lasers. These components enable compact infrared light sources for sensing and high-power applications.

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    Area of Science:

    • Photonics
    • Optoelectronics
    • Semiconductor Devices

    Background:

    • Photonic integrated circuits (PICs) and mid-infrared quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) are crucial for advanced applications.
    • Compact semiconductor chips offer significant advantages in various fields.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • Demonstrate low-loss passive waveguides and efficient arrayed waveguide gratings (AWGs) for infrared (IR) laser arrays.
    • Enable monolithic integration of PICs with QCLs for enhanced functionalities.

    Main Methods:

    • Fabrication of PICs using standard semiconductor processes.
    • Utilized an In0.53Ga0.47As core and InP cladding material system.
    • Characterization of waveguide propagation loss and micro-ring resonator Q-factor.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved low-loss waveguides with propagation loss of ~1.2 dB/cm.
    • Demonstrated micro-ring resonators with an intrinsic Q-factor of 174,000.
    • Developed AWGs (5.15-5.34 µm) with low insertion loss (~0.9 dB) and non-uniformity (~0.6 dB).

    Conclusions:

    • The demonstrated photonic circuits are essential for monolithic fabrication of compact IR light sources.
    • These advancements pave the way for novel chemical sensing and high-power applications.
    • The material system is compatible with future QCL integration.