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Type 1 diabetes incidence in Scotland between 2006 and 2019.

India Thomson1, Niall Anderson2, Louise Bath3

  • 1School of Mathematics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.

Diabetic Medicine : a Journal of the British Diabetic Association
|February 14, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Type 1 diabetes incidence in Scotland remained stable between 2006-2019. Rates varied by age, sex, and socioeconomic status, with lower incidence in more affluent groups.

Keywords:
Scotlandincidencesocio-economic statustime trendstype 1 diabetes

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Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Type 1 diabetes (T1DM) is a significant global health concern.
  • Understanding incidence trends is crucial for resource allocation and prevention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze type 1 diabetes incidence in Scotland from 2006 to 2019.
  • To investigate variations in incidence by age, sex, and socioeconomic status.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the Scottish Care Information-Diabetes Collaboration (SCI-DC) database for incident cases.
  • Calculated annual incidence using population estimates, stratified by age and sex.
  • Employed joinpoint regression to assess temporal trends and quasi-Poisson regression to analyze socioeconomic disparities using the Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation (SIMD).

Main Results:

  • Identified 14,564 incident cases of T1DM; median age was 24.1 years, 56% were male.
  • Overall incidence was higher in males (22/100k) than females (17/100k) and highest in children under 15 (approx. 40/100k).
  • An inverse association was observed between socioeconomic status and T1DM incidence for adults (15-29, 30-49, 50+ years), with lower incidence in less deprived quintiles (Q5 vs. Q1).

Conclusions:

  • Type 1 diabetes incidence in Scotland remained stable between 2006 and 2019.
  • Incidence demonstrates significant variation across different age groups, sexes, and socioeconomic strata.
  • Socioeconomic status is inversely associated with T1DM incidence in adults, highlighting potential health inequalities.