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Baclofen for hiccups: a large mixed methods multisite study.

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Oral baclofen, a common hiccup treatment, showed limited success in a study of 301 patients. While not meeting the target palliation rate, baclofen may benefit those with chronic hiccups.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Hiccups are a common and bothersome condition.
  • Oral baclofen is frequently prescribed for hiccups, but evidence supporting its efficacy is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the palliative efficacy of oral baclofen for hiccups.
  • To determine if baclofen meets a 75% palliation threshold.

Main Methods:

  • A multisite, single-institution study analyzed medical records of 301 patients prescribed oral baclofen for hiccups.
  • Mixed methods were employed to assess baclofen's efficacy.
  • The study defined successful palliation as cessation or alleviation of hiccups in 75% of patients.

Main Results:

  • Only 35% of patients achieved hiccup palliation with baclofen.
  • Baclofen was prescribed at 10 mg orally three times daily.
  • Patients with hiccups lasting over 48 hours (chronic) showed a greater likelihood of benefiting from baclofen (OR: 0.51, p=0.02).
  • Drowsiness was the most common adverse event, reported in 15 patients.

Conclusions:

  • Oral baclofen did not meet the study's primary endpoint for successful hiccup palliation.
  • Further research is warranted to investigate baclofen's potential benefits for chronic hiccups.