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Reducing State Anxiety Using Working Memory Maintenance
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Does Using a Mindfulness App Reduce Anxiety and Worry? A Randomized-Controlled Trial.

Deah Abbott1, Caleb W Lack2, Page Anderson3

  • 1University of Central Oklahoma, Edmond, Oklahoma, USA clack@uco.edu.

Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy
|February 14, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Smartphone mindfulness apps like Headspace can effectively reduce anxiety and worry. However, the study found no significant difference in outcomes between 4 and 8 weeks of use, suggesting no clear dose-response relationship.

Keywords:
BayesanxietymHealthmindfulnesstechnologyworry

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Area of Science:

  • Digital mental health
  • Mindfulness-based interventions
  • Psychological well-being

Background:

  • Smartphone applications offer accessible alternatives to traditional in-person mental health support.
  • Limited controlled research exists on the efficacy of mindfulness training applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of the Headspace mindfulness app in reducing anxiety and worry.
  • To investigate potential dose-response relationships in app usage.

Main Methods:

  • Randomized-controlled trial with a 3 (Time) x 2 (Access) design.
  • Participants with moderate to high anxiety/worry were randomized to immediate or delayed app access.
  • Analyses of variance and Bayesian estimates were used to assess outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Four weeks of Headspace use significantly reduced anxiety symptoms.
  • Eight weeks of use also reduced anxiety, with no significant difference compared to 4 weeks.
  • While ANOVA showed no significant effect on worry, Bayesian analysis supported the app's efficacy for worry reduction.

Conclusions:

  • The Headspace app demonstrates effectiveness in reducing both anxiety and worry.
  • Evidence does not support a consistent dose-response relationship between usage duration and symptom reduction.