Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 10, 2025
12:00
Vaccinia Virus Infection & Temporal Analysis of Virus Gene Expression: Part 1
Published on: April 8, 2009
10.4K
Herpes and Chest Pain: Two Atypical Monkeypox Cases
Devin Videlefsky1, Constangela Matos Noboa2, Charu Ramchandani2
1Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, USA.
Cureus
|February 15, 2023
Summary
The 2022 monkeypox outbreak presents atypical symptoms, particularly in individuals with HIV and herpes simplex virus type 2 coinfection. These complex cases highlight the potential for misdiagnosis of monkeypox during the global outbreak.
Area of Science:
- Epidemiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Virology
Background:
- The 2022 global monkeypox outbreak is characterized by atypical clinical presentations, differing from historical patterns observed in endemic regions.
- Concerns exist regarding sexual transmission and disease recognition, complicating public health responses.
- Individuals living with HIV may represent a vulnerable population with unique monkeypox manifestations.
Observation:
- Two cases of atypical monkeypox are presented in individuals with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
- Both cases involved coinfection with herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2).
- Elevated troponin levels were noted in both patients, indicating potential cardiac involvement.
Findings:
- The presented cases demonstrate non-classical monkeypox symptoms, challenging initial diagnosis.
- Herpes simplex virus type 2 coinfection may alter the typical evolution of monkeypox cutaneous lesions.
- Atypical presentations underscore the difficulty in recognizing monkeypox in the current global outbreak, especially in immunocompromised individuals.
Implications:
- Clinicians must consider monkeypox in patients with atypical rashes, even in the context of HIV and other coinfections.
- Heightened awareness and diagnostic vigilance are crucial for timely monkeypox identification and management.
- Further research is needed to understand the impact of coinfections and underlying conditions on monkeypox clinical course.
Related Concept Videos
01:27Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests
17
Myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscle. The symptoms vary widely, encompassing asymptomatic presentations to severe, acute manifestations.Clinical PresentationAsymptomatic cases: In some instances, myocarditis may be asymptomatic, with the infection resolving without intervention. These cases often go undetected unless discovered incidentally through diagnostic imaging or tests conducted for other reasons.General Early Symptoms: Early symptoms of myocarditis are non-specific and can...
17
01:19Pericarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests
17
Pericarditis is distinguished by inflammation of the pericardium, the fibrous sac that encases the heart. It can be acute, lasting less than six weeks, or chronic, persisting for over three months. Understanding its clinical manifestations and diagnostic findings is crucial for timely and effective management.Clinical ManifestationsWhile pericarditis can be asymptomatic, it usually presents with characteristic symptoms such as:Chest Pain: The most characteristic symptom of pericarditis is chest...
17
01:25Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis
21
Endocarditis can present various clinical features depending on the causative organism and the patient's underlying health conditions. Initially, the clinical features of infective endocarditis develop gradually, presenting with nonspecific symptoms that can be easily mistaken for other illnesses.General SymptomsEarly symptoms of infective endocarditis are fever, chills, weakness, malaise, fatigue, and weight loss. These symptoms reflect the systemic nature of the infection and the body's...
21
01:29Pulmonary Tuberculosis I
296
Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
296
01:31Pulmonary Tuberculosis III
404
Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
404
01:26Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV
186
Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
186