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Biological and cognitive theories explaining panic disorder: A narrative review
Peter Kyriakoulis1, Michael Kyrios2
1Faculty of Arts, Health and Design, Swinburne University, Hawthorn, VIC, Australia.
Frontiers in Psychiatry
|February 16, 2023
Summary
This review explores panic disorder (PD) theories, highlighting biological, cognitive, and behavioral models. Integrated approaches combining treatments show promise for this complex condition.
Area of Science:
- Psychiatry
- Psychology
Background:
- Panic disorder (PD) is a complex condition with multifactorial etiology.
- Current understanding involves biological, cognitive, and behavioral theories.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review and examine various theories of panic disorder.
- To assess the utility of different theoretical models in informing treatment strategies.
Main Methods:
- Narrative review of existing literature on panic disorder theories.
- Examination of biological (neurochemical, metabolic, genetic, respiratory) and cognitive theories.
- Evaluation of treatment efficacy linked to theoretical models.
Main Results:
- Biological theories have guided psychopharmacological treatments.
- Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) demonstrates significant efficacy, supporting cognitive and behavioral models.
- Combination treatments may offer superior outcomes in specific cases.
Conclusions:
- An integrated approach and model are necessary for understanding and treating PD.
- The efficacy of psychological treatments underscores the importance of cognitive and behavioral factors.
- Multifactorial etiology necessitates a comprehensive treatment strategy.
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