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Related Concept Videos

Computed Tomography01:10

Computed Tomography

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Tomography refers to imaging by sections. Computed tomography (CT) is a non-invasive imaging technique that uses computers to analyze several cross-sectional X-rays to reveal minute details about structures in the body.
The technique was invented in the 1970s and is based on the principle that as X-rays pass through the body, they are absorbed or reflected at different levels. In the technique, a patient lies on a motorized platform while a computerized axial tomography (CAT) scanner rotates...
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Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) can be used to determine the 3D structure of biological samples with the help of techniques such as electron microscope tomography and single-particle reconstruction. While single-particle reconstruction can examine macromolecules and macromolecular complexes in vitro conditions only, tomography permits the study of cell components or small cells in vivo.
Electron Tomography
Electron tomography can be performed either in TEM or STEM (scanning transmission...
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X-ray Imaging01:24

X-ray Imaging

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German physicist Wilhelm Röntgen (1845–1923) was experimenting with electrical current when he discovered that a mysterious and invisible "ray" would pass through his flesh but leave an outline of his bones on a screen coated with a metal compound. In 1895, Röntgen made the first durable record of the internal parts of a living human: an "X-ray" image (as it came to be called) of his wife’s hand. Scientists worldwide quickly began their own experiments with...
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Imaging Studies III: Computed Tomography01:27

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DefinitionComputed Tomography (CT) of the genitourinary (GU) tract is a non-invasive imaging modality that utilizes X-rays and computer processing to generate detailed cross-sectional images of the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and adjacent structures such as the adrenal glands.PurposeCT scans of the GU tract serve several diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, including:Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Diseases: Detects kidney stones, tumors, cysts, and congenital...
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Imaging Studies I: CT and MRI01:14

Imaging Studies I: CT and MRI

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Introduction: MRI and CT scans are crucial advancements in medical imaging techniques, playing a vital role in diagnosing conditions related to the gastrointestinal (GI) system. Each scan serves distinct purposes, targets specific areas, and requires unique nursing duties.
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Computed Tomography (CT) scan:
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 9, 2025

Author Spotlight: Three-Dimensional Cephalometric Landmark Annotation Demonstration on Human Cone Beam Computed Tomography Scans
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Author Spotlight: Three-Dimensional Cephalometric Landmark Annotation Demonstration on Human Cone Beam Computed Tomography Scans

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Assessment of thin bony structures using cone-beam computed tomography.

Camilla Lennholm, Anna Westerlund, Henrik Lund

    The Angle Orthodontist
    |February 16, 2023
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging of thin bone structures is most accurate with standard multiplanar reconstructions and inverted grayscale views. Three-dimensional reconstructions and high-resolution protocols are less reliable and increase radiation exposure.

    Keywords:
    Cone-beam computed tomographyHistologyMarginal bone levelOrthodonticsReliability and validityWindow settings

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    High Resolution 3D Imaging of Ex-Vivo Biological Samples by Micro CT
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    Area of Science:

    • Dentistry
    • Radiology
    • Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

    Background:

    • Accurate assessment of marginal bone levels is crucial for diagnosing and managing periodontal and implant-related conditions.
    • Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is increasingly used for dental imaging, but its accuracy in visualizing thin bony structures remains a concern.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the validity and reliability of marginal bone level measurements on CBCT images of thin bony structures.
    • To compare different reconstruction techniques, image resolutions, and viewing modes for optimal visualization.

    Main Methods:

    • CBCT and histologic measurements of 16 anterior mandibular teeth from 6 human specimens were compared.
    • Multiplanar (MPR) and 3D reconstructions, standard and high resolutions, and grayscale and inverted grayscale viewing modes were assessed.

    Main Results:

    • The standard protocol with MPR and inverted grayscale viewing yielded the highest validity (mean difference = 0.02 mm).
    • High-resolution protocols and 3D reconstructions showed the lowest validity (mean difference = 1.10 mm).
    • Significant differences were observed at lingual surfaces across reconstructions, viewing modes, and resolutions (P < .05).

    Conclusions:

    • Reconstruction technique and viewing mode variations do not enhance visualization of thin anterior mandibular bone.
    • Avoid 3D reconstructions for suspected thin cortical borders.
    • High-resolution protocols offer minimal benefit justifying increased radiation dose.