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Measurement invariance in the social sciences: Historical development, methodological challenges, state of the art,

Heinz Leitgöb1, Daniel Seddig2, Tihomir Asparouhov3

  • 1University of Leipzig, Germany; University of Frankfurt, Germany.

Social Science Research
|February 16, 2023
PubMed

Keywords:
Comparative researchItem biasMeasurement invarianceMultiple group confirmatory factor analysisNoninvariance detectionScale construction

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