Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Propagation of Waves01:07

Propagation of Waves

2.4K
When a wave propagates from one medium to another, part of it may get reflected in the first medium, and part of it may get transmitted to the second medium. In such a case, the interface of the two mediums can be considered as a boundary that is neither fixed nor free.
Consider a scenario where a wave propagates from a string of low linear mass density to a string of high linear mass density. In such a case, the reflected wave is out of phase with respect to the incident wave, however the...
2.4K
Wave Parameters01:10

Wave Parameters

7.9K
The simplest mechanical waves are associated with simple harmonic motion and repeat themselves for several cycles. These simple harmonic waves can be modeled using a combination of sine and cosine functions. Consider a simplified surface water wave that moves across the water's surface. Unlike complex ocean waves, in surface water waves, water moves vertically, oscillating up and down, whereas the disturbance of the wave moves horizontally through the medium. If a seagull is floating on the...
7.9K
Properties of Fourier Transform II01:24

Properties of Fourier Transform II

278
The Fourier Transform (FT) is an essential mathematical tool in signal processing, transforming a time-domain signal into its frequency-domain representation. This transformation elucidates the relationship between time and frequency domains through several properties, each revealing unique aspects of signal behavior.
The Frequency Shifting property of Fourier Transforms highlights that a shift in the frequency domain corresponds to a phase shift in the time domain. Mathematically, if x(t) has...
278
Interference and Superposition of Waves01:07

Interference and Superposition of Waves

5.3K
When two waves of the same nature occur in the same region simultaneously, they result in interference. Interference of waves implies that the net effect of the waves is the sum of the individual waves' effects. However, it does not imply that the individual waves affect the propagation of other waves.
Interference occurs in mechanical waves, such as sound waves, waves on a string, and surface water waves. Mechanical waves correspond to the physical displacement of particles. Hence,...
5.3K
Reflection of Waves01:07

Reflection of Waves

3.8K
When a wave travels from one medium to another, it gets reflected at the boundary of the second medium. A common example of this is when a person yells at a distance from a cliff and hears the echo of their voice. The sound waves (longitudinal waves) traveling in the air are reflected from the bounding cliff. Similarly, flipping one end of a string whose other end is tied to a wall causes a pulse (transverse wave) to travel through the string, which gets reflected upon reaching the wall. In...
3.8K
Time and frequency -Domain Interpretation of Phase-lead Control01:24

Time and frequency -Domain Interpretation of Phase-lead Control

121
Phase-lead controllers are commonly used in various control systems to enhance response speed and stability. Adjusting the brightness on a television screen offers a practical example of phase-lead control. When contrast is enhanced, a phase-lead controller is employed. Mathematically, phase-lead control is identified when the first parameter is smaller than the second.
The design of phase-lead control involves the strategic placement of poles and zeros to balance steady-state error and system...
121

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

De novo design of miniproteins targeting GPCRs.

Nature·2026
Same author

TM (Pd, Cu, Mo) Modified ZrSe<sub>2</sub> Monolayer: A Promising Sensing Material for Environmentally Friendly Insulating Devices (C<sub>5</sub>F<sub>10</sub>O/CO<sub>2</sub>).

Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids·2026
Same author

Rubiadin, as a key metabolite of the Bushen Huoxue formula, promotes apoptosis of endometrial stromal cells and improves intrauterine adhesions by activating the AMPK/p53/p21 pathway.

Frontiers in pharmacology·2026
Same author

Litter mixture decomposition enhances the accumulation of soil active carbon and nitrogen in an alpine grassland.

Frontiers in microbiology·2026
Same author

Chemical bonding manipulation unlocks high performance ionic-bonded thermoelectrics.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Lasing-like dynamics with virtual gain driven by complex-frequency excitations.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

Application of ephrin-B2 loaded glycol chitosan-silk fibroin hydrogel in the treatment of diabetic refractory wounds.

Scientific reports·2026
Same journal

International expert Delphi consensus on thromboprophylaxis in metabolic and bariatric surgery.

Scientific reports·2026
Same journal

Assessing the cross-region knowledge transfer capability of selected deep learning building vectorization methods in the context of available training datasets.

Scientific reports·2026
Same journal

Feasibility and preliminary effects of outdoor versus indoor cognitive-motor therapy in women with Alzheimer's disease: A randomized single-blind pilot study.

Scientific reports·2026
Same journal

Hallmarks of social action in the vocal turn-taking of wild common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus).

Scientific reports·2026
Same journal

Role and mechanism of AOPPs-induced NOX4-mediated ferroptosis in intervertebral disc degeneration.

Scientific reports·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 9, 2025

Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping
09:43

Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping

Published on: March 20, 2017

10.0K

Wavefront shaping with nonlinear four-wave mixing.

Dongyi Shen1, Jianjun Cao2, Wenjie Wan3,4

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.

Scientific Reports
|February 16, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a novel, fabrication-free tunable flat slab that manipulates light using nonlinear four-wave mixing. This method allows for all-optical control of light propagation, enabling tunable focusing, defocusing, and beam steering.

More Related Videos

Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator
08:39

Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator

Published on: January 28, 2019

9.9K
Measurement of Coherence Decay in GaMnAs Using Femtosecond Four-wave Mixing
15:58

Measurement of Coherence Decay in GaMnAs Using Femtosecond Four-wave Mixing

Published on: December 3, 2013

5.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 9, 2025

Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping
09:43

Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping

Published on: March 20, 2017

10.0K
Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator
08:39

Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator

Published on: January 28, 2019

9.9K
Measurement of Coherence Decay in GaMnAs Using Femtosecond Four-wave Mixing
15:58

Measurement of Coherence Decay in GaMnAs Using Femtosecond Four-wave Mixing

Published on: December 3, 2013

5.8K

Area of Science:

  • Nonlinear optics
  • Metasurfaces
  • Photonics

Background:

  • Wavefront manipulation is crucial in optics, but traditional methods require complex micro/nanofabrication, resulting in fixed surfaces and limited spectral ranges.
  • Existing tunable metasurfaces often involve additional layers, increasing loss and fabrication complexity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate a fabrication-free tunable flat slab device.
  • To achieve all-optical control over light propagation using nonlinear optical processes.
  • To explore applications in tunable focusing, defocusing, and beam steering.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a nonlinear four-wave mixing (FWM) process within a flat slab.
  • Employed wavefront-shaped pump beams to control the nonlinear refraction angle of emitted FWM beams.
  • Demonstrated focusing and defocusing effects by using converging and diverging pump wavefronts, respectively.
  • Implemented a beam steering scheme using non-degenerate FWM with a second pump.

Main Results:

  • Successfully tuned the effective nonlinear refraction angle of FWM beams by shaping pump wavefronts.
  • Achieved both focusing and defocusing of FWM beams through the flat slab.
  • Demonstrated a beam steering capability over a 20° angle.

Conclusions:

  • The developed fabrication-free tunable flat slab offers a new paradigm for all-optical light manipulation.
  • This approach bypasses traditional fabrication limitations and material losses associated with tunable metasurfaces.
  • The technology holds promise for advanced tunable flat slab devices in imaging and all-optical information processing.