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Related Concept Videos

Toroids01:27

Toroids

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A toroid is a closely wound donut-shaped coil constructed using a single  conducting wire. In general, it is assumed that a toriod consists of  multiple circular loops perpendicular to its axis.
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The high insolubility of some precipitates can result in an unfavorable relative supersaturation. This can lead to colloidal particles with a large surface-to-mass ratio, where adsorption is promoted. For instance, in the precipitation of silver chloride, silver ions are adsorbed on the surface of the colloidal particles, forming a primary layer. This layer attracts ions of opposite charge (such as nitrate ions), forming a diffuse secondary layer of adsorbed ions. This electric double layer...
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Prokaryotic cells possess a variety of inclusions that play crucial roles in nutrient storage, metabolic processes, and environmental adaptation. These structures enable bacteria to thrive under fluctuating environmental conditions by storing essential resources and optimizing their metabolic efficiency.Carbon Storage: Poly-β-Hydroxybutyric Acid and Glycogen GranulesBacteria frequently store excess carbon in specialized granules. Poly-β-hydroxybutyric acid (PHB) granules are lipid...
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Aggregates contain pores of varying sizes; while some are completely enclosed within the particles, others open onto the surface, allowing water to penetrate. The porosity of aggregates is a major factor contributing to the overall porosity of concrete, given that aggregates constitute about three-quarters of concrete's volume.
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Porosity in Cement Paste

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Percolation through voids around toroidal inclusions.

A Ballow1, P Linton1, D J Priour1

  • 1Department of Physics and Astronomy, Youngstown State University, Youngstown, Ohio 44555, USA.

Physical Review. E
|February 17, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study investigates fluid flow through particle-filled media, identifying a critical concentration for percolation. Non-convex toroidal particles were analyzed, revealing how their shape influences flow and critical porosity.

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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Fluid Dynamics

Background:

  • Fluid flow in porous media is crucial in various scientific and industrial applications.
  • Percolation theory describes the formation of connected pathways in disordered systems.
  • Understanding how particle shape affects flow is key to predicting material properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the critical grain concentration for percolation in media with impermeable particles.
  • To investigate continuum percolation transitions involving non-convex toroidal inclusions.
  • To analyze the impact of toroidal particle geometry on critical porosity.

Main Methods:

  • Dynamical infiltration technique using virtual tracer particles.
  • Calculation of critical grain concentrations for randomly placed toroidal inclusions.
  • Study of tori with circular and square cross sections and varying radii of revolution.

Main Results:

  • A critical grain concentration (ρc) marks the transition between flow and blocked states.
  • Non-convex toroidal inclusions exhibit complex percolation behavior.
  • A topological transition occurs as tori develop a central hole, affecting critical porosity.

Conclusions:

  • The shape and arrangement of impermeable particles significantly influence macroscopic fluid transport.
  • Toroidal particle geometry, particularly the aspect ratio and presence of a central hole, dictates percolation thresholds.
  • Randomly oriented, high-aspect-ratio tori show convergence in critical porosity with cylindrical counterparts.