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Therapeutic immunomodulation by rationally designed nucleic acids and nucleic acid nanoparticles
Martin Panigaj1,2, Elizabeth Skelly1, Damian Beasock1
1Nanoscale Science Program, Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, United States.
Frontiers in Immunology
|February 17, 2023
Summary
The immune system distinguishes self from non-self but pathogens evade detection. Nucleic acid nanoparticles (NANPs) offer advanced therapeutic options for controlled immunomodulation by delivering multiple therapeutic nucleic acids (TNAs).
Area of Science:
- Immunology and Biomedicine
- Biotechnology and Nanotechnology
Background:
- The immune system defends against pathogens and abnormal cells but faces evasion strategies.
- Understanding anti-nucleic acid defenses offers novel therapeutic avenues.
- Therapeutic nucleic acids (TNAs) are crucial, but their delivery and efficacy can be improved.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent advances in therapeutic nucleic acid (TNA) and nucleic acid nanoparticle (NANP) technologies.
- To explore future directions for controlled immunomodulation using NANPs.
- To highlight the potential of NANPs in overcoming TNA limitations.
Main Methods:
- Review of current literature on TNA and NANP technologies.
- Analysis of mechanisms for immune evasion by pathogens and altered cells.
- Discussion of the design and application of NANPs for therapeutic purposes.
Main Results:
- NANPs offer enhanced delivery of multiple TNAs with controlled stability and immunomodulatory functions.
- NANP technology expands therapeutic options beyond conventional TNAs.
- NANPs show promise for synchronized delivery of therapeutic payloads.
Conclusions:
- NANP technology represents a significant advancement in nucleic acid-based therapeutics.
- Controlled immunomodulation via NANPs holds great potential for future biomedicine.
- Further research into TNA and NANP technologies is essential for clinical translation.
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