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Biofilm formation is associated with poor outcome in prosthetic joint infections caused by Staphylococcus lugdunensis

Malin Hagstrand Aldman1, Olof Thompson1, Lisa I Påhlman1,2

  • 1Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section for Infection Medicine, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.

Infectious Diseases (London, England)
|February 17, 2023
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Staphylococcus lugdunensis is an increasing cause of prosthetic joint infections (PJI). Strong biofilm formation by these bacteria is linked to PJI relapse, highlighting its clinical significance.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Orthopedic Surgery

Background:

  • Staphylococcus lugdunensis is recognized as a significant pathogen in prosthetic joint infections (PJI).
  • Understanding the clinical behavior and virulence factors of S. lugdunensis in PJI is crucial for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the clinical presentation of PJI caused by S. lugdunensis.
  • To investigate the correlation between the biofilm-forming capacity of S. lugdunensis isolates and patient outcomes in PJI.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of S. lugdunensis isolates from PJI cases between 2015-2019.
  • In vitro assessment of biofilm formation using a microtiter plate assay.
  • Review of clinical data and medical records of affected patients.

Main Results:

  • Thirty-six patients with S. lugdunensis PJI were identified; early postoperative infections were most common.
  • All isolates demonstrated in vitro biofilm formation, with significantly stronger biofilm production in cases of relapsing PJI.
  • Strong biofilm formation was also associated with late acute hematogenous PJI.

Conclusions:

  • The ability of S. lugdunensis to produce strong biofilms is a key factor associated with PJI relapse.
  • This finding underscores the importance of biofilm formation as a virulence determinant in S. lugdunensis-associated PJI.
Keywords:
Staphylococcus lugdunensisbiofilm formationprosthetic joint infectionsstaphylococcal infectionstreatment outcome

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