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EEG Beta functional connectivity decrease in the left amygdala correlates with the affective pain in fibromyalgia: A

Soline Makowka1, Lliure-Naima Mory1,2, Michael Mouthon1

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This study found that fibromyalgia patients have altered brain connectivity in the amygdala, linked to emotional pain. Increased beta wave activity in the prefrontal cortex may compensate for neurotransmitter dysfunction.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Pain Research
  • Electrophysiology

Background:

  • Fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic pain condition with significant affective disturbances.
  • Neurotransmitter activity and brain connectivity are altered in FM, but correlates of affective pain are unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify electrophysiological correlates of the affective pain component in fibromyalgia.
  • To investigate resting-state electroencephalography (EEG) spectral power and coherence in the beta (β) band.

Main Methods:

  • Correlational, cross-sectional, case-control pilot study.
  • Examined 16 female FM patients and 11 age-matched female controls.
  • Analyzed resting-state EEG spectral power and imaginary coherence in the beta (β) band (13-30 Hz).

Main Results:

  • FM patients showed lower High β (Hβ) functional connectivity in the left amygdala, correlating with higher affective pain.
  • Patients exhibited higher Low β (Lβ) relative power in the left prefrontal cortex, linked to ongoing pain intensity.
  • First evidence of GABA-related connectivity changes in the amygdala associated with the affective pain component.

Conclusions:

  • Altered amygdala connectivity in the Hβ band is linked to the affective pain component in FM.
  • Increased Lβ power in the prefrontal cortex may be a compensatory mechanism for pain-related GABAergic dysfunction.
  • Findings highlight the role of GABAergic neurotransmission and brain connectivity in the affective dimension of fibromyalgia pain.