Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Cognitive Enhancers: Cholinesterase Inhibitors and NMDA Receptor Antagonists01:30

Cognitive Enhancers: Cholinesterase Inhibitors and NMDA Receptor Antagonists

174
Cognitive enhancers, also known as "smart drugs," are substances used to enhance memory, mental alertness, and concentration. These can be natural or synthetic and improve cognition in conditions like Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative diseases. Some common examples include caffeine, amphetamines, methylphenidate, modafinil, arecoline, donepezil, vortioxetine, and piracetam. These enhancers work on the principle of synaptic plasticity and altered circuit function.
174
Cognitive Development During Adulthood01:30

Cognitive Development During Adulthood

184
Cognitive development continues throughout adulthood, undergoing significant shifts across early, middle, and late stages. Individual transition occurs from adolescent idealism to pragmatic and adaptable thinking in early adulthood. During this period, individuals learn to integrate personal beliefs with the recognition that other perspectives are equally valid. Exposure to the complexities of modern society, diverse experiences, and higher education contribute to this adaptive thought process,...
184
Alzheimer's Disease: Treatment01:22

Alzheimer's Disease: Treatment

235
Alzheimer's Disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder, is pathologically identified by amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles composed of tau protein. AD pharmacotherapy aims to manage cognitive symptoms, delay disease progression, and treat behavioral symptoms. The treatment is primarily symptomatic and palliative, with no definitive disease-modifying therapy available. Cholinesterase inhibitors, including donepezil (Aricept), rivastigmine (Exelon), and galantamine (Razadyne), are...
235
Role of Neurotransmitters in Memory01:23

Role of Neurotransmitters in Memory

705
Neurotransmitters are integral to the brain's communication system, enabling neurons to transmit signals across synapses. This chemical exchange underpins various cognitive functions, including memory processes. The role of neurotransmitters in memory is multifaceted, influencing the encoding, consolidation, and retrieval of memories through their action on different neural circuits.
 Glutamate and Synaptic Plasticity
Glutamate, the brain's main excitatory neurotransmitter, is...
705
Cholinesterases: Distribution and Function01:22

Cholinesterases: Distribution and Function

522
Cholinesterases are a group of serine hydrolase enzymes that play a crucial role in the breakdown of choline esters. The two primary types of cholinesterases are acetylcholinesterases (AChEs) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChEs), which differ in their distribution, function, and substrate specificity. AChEs, also known as true cholinesterases, specifically hydrolyze acetylcholine, while BuChEs, often referred to as pseudocholinesterases, can hydrolyze various choline esters, including...
522
Alzheimer's Disease: Overview01:26

Alzheimer's Disease: Overview

591
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ...
591

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The Impacts of the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program on Child Maltreatment: A Systematic Review.

Trauma, violence & abuse·2026
Same author

Landscape, Evidence, Gaps, and Opportunities in Digital Mental Health Interventions for Older Adults: Scoping Review.

Interactive journal of medical research·2026
Same author

How Is Food Addiction Addressed at U.S. Substance Use Disorder Treatment Facilities? Perspectives of Service Providers.

Substance use & addiction journal·2026
Same author

'Vape to earn': gamification, blockchain incentives and behavioural monitoring in vapes.

Tobacco control·2026
Same author

A Scoping Review of Microsimulation Models on Obesity-Related Policy Evaluation.

Nutrients·2026
Same author

Mammographic Density as a Mediator for Breast Cancer Risk: Pooled Analysis of Four Population-Based Case-Control Studies on Women with Screening Mammograms before Age 50.

Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 9, 2025

Working Memory Training for Older Participants: A Control Group Training Regimen and Initial Intellectual Functioning Assessment
07:01

Working Memory Training for Older Participants: A Control Group Training Regimen and Initial Intellectual Functioning Assessment

Published on: September 20, 2020

4.8K

Choline Intake and Cognitive Function Among U.S. Older Adults.

Ruopeng An1, Danyi Li2, Xiaoling Xiang2

  • 1Brown School, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.

Journal of Nutrition in Gerontology and Geriatrics
|February 21, 2023
PubMed
Summary

This study found no association between choline intake and cognitive function in older adults. Current intake levels are below recommendations, suggesting a need for further research on neuroprotection in aging populations.

Keywords:
Cholinecognitiondietolder adult

More Related Videos

A Computerized Test Battery to Study Pharmacodynamic Effects on the Central Nervous System of Cholinergic Drugs in Early Phase Drug Development
07:02

A Computerized Test Battery to Study Pharmacodynamic Effects on the Central Nervous System of Cholinergic Drugs in Early Phase Drug Development

Published on: February 11, 2019

9.9K
A Machine Learning Approach to Design an Efficient Selective Screening of Mild Cognitive Impairment
12:18

A Machine Learning Approach to Design an Efficient Selective Screening of Mild Cognitive Impairment

Published on: January 11, 2020

7.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 9, 2025

Working Memory Training for Older Participants: A Control Group Training Regimen and Initial Intellectual Functioning Assessment
07:01

Working Memory Training for Older Participants: A Control Group Training Regimen and Initial Intellectual Functioning Assessment

Published on: September 20, 2020

4.8K
A Computerized Test Battery to Study Pharmacodynamic Effects on the Central Nervous System of Cholinergic Drugs in Early Phase Drug Development
07:02

A Computerized Test Battery to Study Pharmacodynamic Effects on the Central Nervous System of Cholinergic Drugs in Early Phase Drug Development

Published on: February 11, 2019

9.9K
A Machine Learning Approach to Design an Efficient Selective Screening of Mild Cognitive Impairment
12:18

A Machine Learning Approach to Design an Efficient Selective Screening of Mild Cognitive Impairment

Published on: January 11, 2020

7.6K

Area of Science:

  • Nutritional Neuroscience
  • Gerontology
  • Cognitive Health

Background:

  • Choline is vital for early brain development.
  • Limited community-based data exists on choline's neuroprotective role in older adults.
  • Adequate Intake (AI) levels for choline are established but often unmet.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between choline consumption and cognitive performance in adults aged 60 and above.
  • To assess if dietary or total choline intake impacts cognitive test scores in older populations.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2011-2014) with 2,796 participants.
  • Assessed choline intake via two 24-hour dietary recalls (dietary and total including supplements).
  • Evaluated cognitive function using immediate/delayed word recall, Animal Fluency, and Digit Symbol Substitution Test.

Main Results:

  • Average dietary choline intake was 307.5 mg/day; total intake was 330.9 mg/day, both below AI levels.
  • No statistically significant association was found between dietary choline intake and cognitive scores (OR=0.94, 95% CI: 0.75-1.17).
  • No significant association was observed between total choline intake and cognitive performance (OR=0.87, 95% CI: 0.70-1.09).

Conclusions:

  • Dietary and total choline intake were not associated with cognitive functioning in this cohort of older adults.
  • Findings suggest current choline intake levels in older adults may be insufficient.
  • Further longitudinal or experimental studies are needed to clarify choline's role in cognitive health during aging.