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Published on: January 21, 2020
Salivary bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein: A novel inflammatory marker associated with periodontitis
Mustafa Burak Demirci1, Özlem Daltaban2, Kemal Üstün1
1Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Akdeniz University, Dumlupinar Bulvarı Campus, P.O Box: 07058, Antalya, Turkey.
Objectives:
The present case-control study aims to investigate the salivary levels of bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (BPI) and interleukin-1beta (IL-1ß) in systemically healthy individuals with periodontitis and periodontally healthy for the evaluation of BPI's relation with periodontal inflammation and clinical diagnosis of periodontitis.
Materials And Methods:
A total of 100 participants were enrolled in this study and divided into periodontitis (P group) (n = 50) and periodontally healthy (H group) (n = 50) groups based on their full-mouth periodontal examination results including plaque index, probing pocket depth, gingival index, bleeding on probing, and clinical attachment level. Unstimulated whole saliva was collected. Salivary BPI and IL-1β levels were determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were created to determine the diagnostic value of BPI.
Results:
The levels of BPI and IL-1ß in saliva were significantly higher in the P group than in the H group (p<0.001). Moreover, salivary BPI and IL-1ß levels correlated significantly with all clinical periodontal parameters (all p<0.001). Interestingly, there was a strong positive correlation between salivary levels of BPI and IL-1ß (r=0.544, p<0.001). In addition, the results of the ROC curve analysis showed that BPI had a high diagnostic potential to distinguish periodontitis from healthy controls with an area under the curve value of 0.94% (p<0.000).
Conclusion:
The significantly higher salivary levels of BPI in periodontitis patients together with strong positive correlations between all periodontal parameters and salivary IL-1ß levels suggest that BPI may be involved in the inflammatory process of periodontal disease.
Clinical Relevance:
The present study for the first time report that salivary BPI levels may serve as a potential biomarker of inflammation in periodontal disease.
Trial Registration Number:
Thai Clinical Trials.gov (TCTR20211222008) (22 December 2021).
