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FISH - Fluorescent In-situ Hybridization

FISH - Fluorescent In-situ Hybridization

Fluorescence in situ hybridization, or FISH, was developed in the early 1980s and has quickly become one of the most widely used techniques in cytogenetics. Labeled probes are used to bind complementary DNA or RNA sequences on a chromosome or in a region within a cell. Earlier, the probes could only be obtained by cloning or reverse transcription of a DNA template. Currently, the probe oligonucleotides can be synthesized synthetically. Additionally, with the advancement of optical techniques,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 9, 2025

Visualization of Mitochondrial DNA Replication in Individual Cells by EdU Signal Amplification

Visualization of Mitochondrial DNA Replication in Individual Cells by EdU Signal Amplification

Published on: November 15, 2010

Visualization of mtDNA Using FISH.

Xie Xie¹, Xuefeng Zhu²

¹Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)

|February 22, 2023

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Proper mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) levels are crucial for cell function and linked to aging and mitochondrial disorders. This study presents a fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) method for visualizing mtDNA in cells.

Keywords:

FISH Imaging Microscopy Mitochondria Visualization mtDNA

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Last Updated: Aug 9, 2025

Visualization of Mitochondrial DNA Replication in Individual Cells by EdU Signal Amplification

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Published on: November 15, 2010

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Studying Mitochondrial Structure and Function in Drosophila Ovaries

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Published on: January 4, 2017

Area of Science:

Cell Biology
Genetics
Biochemistry

Background:

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is essential for cellular functions, and its levels are implicated in aging and mitochondrial diseases.
Proper maintenance and distribution of mtDNA within the mitochondrial network are critical for cellular energy production.
Perturbations in mtDNA levels or distribution are associated with various diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

To provide detailed protocols for the cellular visualization of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA).
To establish a sensitive and specific method for observing mtDNA in its cellular context.
To enable the study of mtDNA-protein interactions and dynamics.

Main Methods:

Development and application of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) targeting the mtDNA sequence directly.
Utilizing fluorescent signals for high sensitivity and specificity in mtDNA visualization.
Combining mtDNA FISH with immunostaining techniques.

Main Results:

Successful visualization of mtDNA within the cellular environment using the developed FISH protocol.
Demonstration of the method's ability to ensure both sensitivity and specificity.
Establishment of a technique for observing mtDNA-protein interactions.

Conclusions:

The presented mtDNA FISH protocol offers a reliable method for visualizing mitochondrial DNA in cells.
This technique is valuable for understanding mtDNA maintenance, distribution, and its role in health and disease.
The method facilitates research into mtDNA-protein dynamics and mitochondrial disorders.