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Related Concept Videos

Dissociative Disorders01:27

Dissociative Disorders

162
Dissociative disorders represent complex psychological conditions characterized by disruptions in consciousness, memory, identity, or perception. These disruptions cause individuals to experience a disconnection from their thoughts, emotions, and memories. The phenomenon is not merely an occasional lapse in attention but a profound alteration in mental functioning that can severely impact daily life.
Dissociative Fugue
A hallmark feature of dissociative disorders is the dissociative fugue...
162
Post-traumatic Stress Disorder01:27

Post-traumatic Stress Disorder

79
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric condition that arises following exposure to traumatic events such as natural disasters, forced displacement, or severe accidents. It significantly impairs individuals' ability to cope with daily activities and disrupts their emotional and psychological equilibrium.
Symptoms and Behavioral Manifestations
A spectrum of distressing symptoms characterizes PTSD. Recurrent flashbacks, where individuals involuntarily relive traumatic events,...
79
Dissociative Identity Disorder01:30

Dissociative Identity Disorder

170
Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID), previously termed multiple personality disorder, is a complex psychological condition characterized by the presence of two or more distinct identities or personality states. Each identity exhibits unique patterns of behavior, voice, and mannerisms and may possess separate memories and emotional responses. The alternating control between identities can result in memory gaps and challenges in recalling daily activities, often exacerbating the individual's...
170
Dissociative Amnesia01:21

Dissociative Amnesia

161
Dissociative amnesia is a complex psychological condition that manifests as an inability to recall personal information, often tied to traumatic or stressful events. Unlike general amnesia, individuals with this condition retain the ability to perform routine activities and procedural tasks, such as operating a phone or navigating public transportation, yet experience profound gaps in autobiographical memory. These lapses may encompass significant life events, such as suicide attempts or...
161
Traumatic Memory01:20

Traumatic Memory

148
Emotionally traumatic events often lead to memories that are exceptionally vivid and enduring, sometimes persisting with remarkable clarity throughout an individual's life. A classic example of this phenomenon is a person who survives a car accident. Even years later, they may recall every detail of the event with startling accuracy — the screeching of the tires, the jarring impact, and the acrid smell of burning rubber. Such vividness contrasts sharply with how an individual...
148
Brain Imaging01:14

Brain Imaging

274
Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans),  magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),  functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 9, 2025

Use of a Psychophysiological Script-driven Imagery Experiment to Study Trauma-related Dissociation in Borderline Personality Disorder
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Imaging dissociation in post-traumatic stress disorder.

Yann Quidé1

  • 1NeuroRecovery Research Hub, School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; and Centre for Pain IMPACT, Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia.

Bjpsych Open
|February 22, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Identifying neural correlates of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms is challenging. Stimulating the sympathetic nervous system and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis may improve PTSD symptom provocation and guide personalized treatments.

Keywords:
Traumachildhood experiencedissociative disordersimagingpost-traumatic stress disorder

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Stress Physiology

Background:

  • Symptom provocation paradigms are used to study neural correlates of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
  • Current methods have limitations in fully eliciting stress responses, particularly dissociative behaviors.
  • Understanding the neural basis of PTSD requires improved methods for symptom activation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore methods for enhancing stress responses during symptom provocation in PTSD research.
  • To investigate the potential of sympathetic nervous system and HPA axis stimulation.
  • To identify novel targets for personalized PTSD interventions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing symptom provocation paradigms for PTSD.
  • Discussion of transient stimulation techniques for the sympathetic nervous system.
  • Exploration of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activation strategies.

Main Results:

  • Symptom provocation paradigms have limitations in capturing the full spectrum of PTSD symptoms.
  • Transient stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system and HPA axis can augment stress reactivity.
  • Enhanced stress responses could reveal more precise neural correlates of PTSD.

Conclusions:

  • Stimulating the sympathetic nervous system and HPA axis offers a promising approach to overcome limitations in PTSD research.
  • This strategy may facilitate the identification of neural targets for individualized PTSD treatments.
  • Further research is warranted to validate these enhanced provocation methods.