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Mitogen- and stress-activated protein kinase (MSK1/2) regulated gene expression in normal and disease states

Hedieh Sattarifard1, Akram Safaei1, Enzhe Khazeeva1

  • 1Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, MB, Canada.

Biochemistry and Cell Biology = Biochimie Et Biologie Cellulaire
|February 22, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Mitogen- and stress-activated protein kinases (MSK) are epigenetic modifiers regulating gene expression. MSK1/2 influence cell functions, immunity, and cancer, acting as key players in various cellular processes.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Epigenetics
  • Cell Signaling

Background:

  • Mitogen- and stress-activated protein kinases (MSK) are crucial epigenetic modifiers.
  • MSK1 and MSK2 mediate signal transduction from the cell exterior to the genome.
  • They regulate gene expression in both normal and disease states.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the mechanisms by which MSK1/2 regulate gene expression.
  • To summarize recent findings on MSK1/2 roles in normal and diseased cells.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on MSK1/2 signaling pathways.
  • Analysis of MSK1/2 involvement in chromatin remodeling and transcription factor phosphorylation.
  • Examination of MSK1/2 roles in cellular processes like proliferation, inflammation, immunity, and cancer.

Main Results:

  • MSK1/2 phosphorylate histone H3 and transcription factors (NF-κB, CREB), leading to chromatin remodeling and gene induction.
  • These kinases regulate genes involved in cell proliferation, inflammation, innate immunity, neuronal function, and neoplastic transformation.
  • MSK signaling pathways are implicated in bacterial pathogenesis and cancer metastasis, with MSK1/2 potentially acting as prognostic factors.

Conclusions:

  • MSK1/2 are central regulators of gene expression with diverse roles in cellular physiology and pathology.
  • Understanding MSK1/2 function is critical for insights into immunity, cancer, and neurological processes.
  • Further research into MSK1/2 pathways may reveal therapeutic targets for various diseases.
Keywords:
MSK1/2cancerepigeneticsimmunityinflammationneurodevelopment

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